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In JoVE (3)
- Farelerde Periferik lenf nodu diseksiyonu ve 2-Foton Görüntüleme
- CD4 İzolasyon Miltenyi MACS Arıtma Fare lenf düğümleri + T hücreleri
- Kabul edilmiş DTH indüksiyonu sonra Kulak Görüntüleme Efektör Bellek T hücreleri
Other Publications (9)
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Articles by Melanie P. Matheu in JoVE
JoVE General
Farelerde Periferik lenf nodu diseksiyonu ve 2-Foton Görüntüleme
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine (UCI), 2Department of Neurobiology and Behaviour, University of California, Irvine (UCI)
İki foton görüntüleme ve bir bağışıklık yanıtı 1 sırasında bazal koşullar altında lenf nodu içinde lenfosit motilite ve hücresel etkileşimleri ortaya çıkardı. Burada, T hücreleri, lenf düğümleri izolasyon ve görüntüleme motilite CD4 + T hücreleri eksplante lenf nodu evlatlık transferi göstermektedir.
JoVE General
CD4 İzolasyon Miltenyi MACS Arıtma Fare lenf düğümleri + T hücreleri
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine (UCI)
Miltenyi MAC kiti kullanılarak lenfositlerin İzolasyon tüm lenfoid doku homojenatlarında hücreleri arındırmak için güvenilir bir yol. Miltenyi sistemini kullanarak saflaştırılmış Hücreler genellikle ≥% 96 saf. Burada, CD4 + T hücreleri, Miltenyi tarafından sunulan birçok kitleri biri izole etmek için atılan adımları göstermektedir.
JoVE General
Kabul edilmiş DTH indüksiyonu sonra Kulak Görüntüleme Efektör Bellek T hücreleri
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine (UCI), 2Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine (UCI)
Burada uyaran ve sıçan kulak gecikmiş tip aşırı duyarlılık (DTH) reaksiyon ilerleme kaydetmek için bir yöntem gösteriyor. Bu sıçan kulak doku hazırlanması / bellek efektör T hücre yanıtının iki foton görüntüleme için bir gösteri izledi.
Other articles by Melanie P. Matheu on PubMed
Sphingosine 1-phosphate Type 1 Receptor Agonism Inhibits Transendothelial Migration of Medullary T Cells to Lymphatic Sinuses
Sphingosine 1-phosphate type 1 (S1P(1)) receptor agonists cause sequestration of lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid organs by a mechanism that is not well understood. One hypothesis proposes that agonists act as 'functional antagonists' by binding and internalizing S1P(1) receptors on lymphocytes; a second hypothesis proposes instead that S1P(1) agonists act on endothelial cells to prevent lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes. Here, two-photon imaging of living T cells in explanted lymph nodes after treatment with S1P(1) agonists or antagonists has provided insight into the mechanism by which S1P(1) agonists function. The selective S1P(1) agonist SEW2871 caused reversible slowing and 'log-jamming' of T cells between filled medullary cords and empty sinuses, whereas motility was unaltered in diffuse cortex. Removal or antagonist competition of SEW2871 permitted recovery of T cell motility in the parenchyma of the medulla and resumption of migration across the stromal endothelial barrier, leading to refilling of sinuses. Our results provide visualization of transendothelial migration of T cells into lymphatic sinuses and suggest that S1P(1) agonists act mainly on endothelial cell S1P(1) receptors to inhibit lymphocyte migration.
Enhancement of Capillary Leakage and Restoration of Lymphocyte Egress by a Chiral S1P1 Antagonist in Vivo
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P, 1) regulates vascular barrier and lymphoid development, as well as lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs, by activating high-affinity S1P1 receptors. We used reversible chemical probes (i) to gain mechanistic insights into S1P systems organization not accessible through genetic manipulations and (ii) to investigate their potential for therapeutic modulation. Vascular (but not airway) administration of the preferred R enantiomer of an in vivo-active chiral S1P1 receptor antagonist induced loss of capillary integrity in mouse skin and lung. In contrast, the antagonist did not affect the number of constitutive blood lymphocytes. Instead, alteration of lymphocyte trafficking and phenotype required supraphysiological elevation of S1P1 tone and was reversed by the antagonist. In vivo two-photon imaging of lymph nodes confirmed requirements for obligate agonism, and the data were consistent with the presence of a stromal barrier mechanism for gating lymphocyte egress. Thus, chemical modulation reveals differences in S1P-S1P1 'set points' among tissues and highlights both mechanistic advantages (lymphocyte sequestration) and risks (pulmonary edema) of therapeutic intervention.
Class IA Phosphoinositide 3-kinase Modulates Basal Lymphocyte Motility in the Lymph Node
Recruitment of PI3K to the cell membrane is an indispensable step in normal lymphocyte proliferation and activation. In this study we identify PI3K as an important signaling molecule for maintaining basal T and B lymphocyte motility and homing in the intact lymph node. Pharmacological inhibition of PI3K catalytic isoforms exerted broad effects on basal lymphocyte motility, including changes in homing kinetics, localization of B cells within the lymph node, and reduced cell velocities. Lymphocytes deficient in either or both of the class IA PI3K regulatory subunits p85alpha and p85beta also exhibited reduced velocities, with the magnitude of reduction depending upon both cell type and isoform specificity. B cells deficient in p85alpha exhibited gross morphological abnormalities that were not evident in cells treated with a PI3K inhibitor. Our results show, for the first time, that class IA PI3Ks play an important role in regulating basal lymphocyte motility and that p85alpha regulatory subunit expression is required to maintain B cell morphology in a manner independent of PI3K catalytic function. Moreover, we demonstrate distinct roles for catalytic domain function and class IA PI3K regulatory domain activity in lymphocyte motility, homing, and homeostatic localization of mature resting B cells.
Imaging of Effector Memory T Cells During a Delayed-type Hypersensitivity Reaction and Suppression by Kv1.3 Channel Block
Effector memory T (Tem) cells are essential mediators of autoimmune disease and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), a convenient model for two-photon imaging of Tem cell participation in an inflammatory response. Shortly (3 hr) after entry into antigen-primed ear tissue, Tem cells stably attached to antigen-bearing antigen-presenting cells (APCs). After 24 hr, enlarged Tem cells were highly motile along collagen fibers and continued to migrate rapidly for 18 hr. Tem cells rely on voltage-gated Kv1.3 potassium channels to regulate calcium signaling. ShK-186, a specific Kv1.3 blocker, inhibited DTH and suppressed Tem cell enlargement and motility in inflamed tissue but had no effect on homing to or motility in lymph nodes of naive and central memory T (Tcm) cells. ShK-186 effectively treated disease in a rat model of multiple sclerosis. These results demonstrate a requirement for Kv1.3 channels in Tem cells during an inflammatory immune response in peripheral tissues. Targeting Kv1.3 allows for effector memory responses to be suppressed while central memory responses remain intact.
