University of Maine View Institution's Website 11 articles published in JoVE Neuroscience Lineage Tracing of Inducible Fluorescently-Labeled Stem Cells in the Adult Mouse Brain Gabriel S. Jensen1,2, Jake W. Willows2, David T. Breault3, Kristy L. Townsend1,2 1Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 3Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School The ability to permanently mark stem cells and their progeny with a fluorophore using an inducible transgenic lineage tracing mouse line allows for spatial and temporal analysis of activation, proliferation, migration, and/or differentiation in vivo. Lineage tracing can reveal novel information about lineage commitment, response to intervention(s), and multipotency. Medicine Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse Lindsey A. Fitzsimons1,2, Victoria L. Brewer3, John Forrester2, Adrian M. Moran4, Kerry L. Tucker1,2 1Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England. Biddeford, ME, 3College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, 4Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME Here, we present a noninvasive electrocardiography (ECG) protocol, optimized for early postnatal mice, that does not require the use of anesthetics. Developmental Biology A Drosophila Model to Study Wound-induced Polyploidization Erin C. Bailey*1, Ari S. Dehn*1, Kayla J. Gjelsvik2, Rose Besen-McNally1, Vicki P. Losick1 1Biology Department, Boston College, 2Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering and Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, MDI Biological Laboratory, University of Maine Wound-induced polyploidization is a conserved tissue repair strategy where cells grow in size instead of dividing to compensate for cell loss. Here is a detailed protocol on how to use the fruit fly as a model to measure ploidy and its genetic regulation in epithelial wound repair. Environment Impedance Pneumography for Minimally Invasive Measurement of Heart Rate in Late Stage Invertebrates Amalia M. Harrington1,2, Holland Haverkamp1,3, Heather J. Hamlin1,2 1School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 2Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Maine, 3Ecology and Environmental Sciences Program, University of Maine Measuring heart rate during a thermal challenge provides insight into physiological responses of organisms as a consequence of acute environmental change. Using the American lobster (Homarus americanus) as a model organism, this protocol describes the use of impedance pneumography as a relatively noninvasive and nonlethal approach to measure heart rate in late stage invertebrates. Immunology and Infection Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses Con Sullivan1,2, Denise Jurcyzszak1, Michelle F. Goody3, Kristin A. Gabor4, Jacob R. Longfellow1, Paul J. Millard2,5, Carol H. Kim1,2 1Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, 2Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, 3School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, 4Division of Intramural Research, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 5Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Maine Systemic and localized zebrafish infection models for human influenza A virus are demonstrated. Using a systemic infection model, zebrafish can be used to screen antiviral drugs. Using a localized infection model, zebrafish can be used to characterize host immune cell responses. Environment Methods of Soil Resampling to Monitor Changes in the Chemical Concentrations of Forest Soils Gregory B. Lawrence1, Ivan J. Fernandez2, Paul W. Hazlett3, Scott W. Bailey4, Donald S. Ross5, Thomas R. Villars6, Angelica Quintana7, Rock Ouimet8, Michael R. McHale1, Chris E. Johnson9, Russell D. Briggs10, Robert A. Colter11, Jason Siemion1, Olivia L. Bartlett12, Olga Vargas13, Michael R. Antidormi1, Mary M. Koppers9 1New York Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 2School of Forest Resources, University of Maine, 3Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, 4Northern Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, 5Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, 6Ottauquechee NRCD, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, 7Green Mountain National Forest, U.S. Forest Service, 8Direction de la Recherche Forestière, Ministère du Québec, 9Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, 10Division of Environmental Science, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 11White Mountain National Forest, U.S. Forest Service, 12Natural Resources and Earth System Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 13Greenwich, NY Field Office, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Repeated soil sampling has recently been shown to be an effective way to monitor forest soil change over years and decades. To support its use, a protocol is presented that synthesizes the latest information on soil resampling methods to aid in the design and implementation of successful soil monitoring programs. Immunology and Infection Modeling Mucosal Candidiasis in Larval Zebrafish by Swimbladder Injection Remi L. Gratacap1, Audrey C. Bergeron1, Robert T. Wheeler1,2 1Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, 2Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine In vivo spatio-temporal interactions of pathogen and immune defenses at the mucosal level are not easily imaged in existing vertebrate hosts. The method presented here describes a versatile platform to study mucosal candidiasis in live vertebrates using the swimbladder of the juvenile zebrafish as an infection site. Biology Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy Nikki M. Curthoys*1, Michael J. Mlodzianoski*1, Dahan Kim1, Samuel T. Hess1 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maine We demonstrate the use of fluorescence photo activation localization microscopy (FPALM) to simultaneously image multiple types of fluorescently labeled molecules within cells. The techniques described yield the localization of thousands to hundreds of thousands of individual fluorescent labeled proteins, with a precision of tens of nanometers within single cells. Immunology and Infection A Microplate Assay to Assess Chemical Effects on RBL-2H3 Mast Cell Degranulation: Effects of Triclosan without Use of an Organic Solvent Lisa M. Weatherly*1,2, Rachel H. Kennedy*1,2, Juyoung Shim1, Julie A. Gosse1,2 1Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, 2Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono Mast cell degranulation, the release of allergic mediators, is important in allergy, asthma, and parasite defense. Here we demonstrate techniques1 for assessing effects of drugs and toxicants on degranulation, methodology recently utilized to exhibit the powerful inhibitory effect of antibacterial agent triclosan2. Immunology and Infection Quantification of the Respiratory Burst Response as an Indicator of Innate Immune Health in Zebrafish Michelle F. Goody1, Eric Peterman1, Con Sullivan1, Carol H. Kim1 1Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine The innate immune response protects organisms against pathogen infection. A critical component of the innate immune response, the phagocyte respiratory burst, generates reactive oxygen species that kill invading microorganisms. We describe a respiratory burst assay that quantifies reactive oxygen species produced when the innate immune response is chemically induced. Immunology and Infection Non-invasive Imaging of Disseminated Candidiasis in Zebrafish Larvae Kimberly M. Brothers1, Robert T. Wheeler1 1Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine The rapid development, small size and transparency of zebrafish are tremendous advantages for the study of innate immune control of infection1-4. Here we demonstrate techniques for infecting zebrafish larvae using the fungal pathogen Candida albicans by microinjection, methodology recently used to implicate phagocyte NADPH oxidase activity in control of fungal dimorphism5.