Measurement Of Neuromagnetic Brain Function In Pre-school Children With Custom Sized MEG

JoVE 1693 2/19/2010

Graciela Tesan, Blake W. Johnson, Melanie Reid, Rosalind Thornton, Stephen Crain

Macquarie Centre for Cognitive Science, Macquarie University

The advent of MEG systems sized for young children opens important new opportunities to study brain development. The new system, together with a protocol that aligns experimental requirements with the capacities of children, can be used to study cognitive and language processes in healthy, awake children aged three to six.

Functional Mapping with Simultaneous MEG and EEG

JoVE 1668 6/14/2010

Hesheng Liu, Naoaki Tanaka, Steven Stufflebeam, Seppo Ahlfors, Matti Hämäläinen

Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH - Massachusetts General Hospital

We use magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) to map brain areas involved in the processing of simple sensory stimuli.

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example

JoVE 4262 10/24/2012

Adrian K.C. Lee, Eric Larson, Ross K. Maddox

Department of Speech & Hearing Sciences, Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington

We use magneto- and electroencephalography (MEG/EEG), combined with anatomical information captured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to map the dynamics of the cortical network associated with auditory attention.

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

JoVE 2715 8/30/2011

Erin Hussey, Brandon Ally

Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University

The methodology for collecting high-density event-related potential data while patients with Alzheimer's disease perform a recognition memory task is reviewed. This protocol will include subject preparation, quality assurance, data acquisition, and data analysis.

Adaptation of a Haptic Robot in a 3T fMRI

JoVE 3364 10/04/2011

Joseph Snider¹, Markus Plank¹, Larry May², Thomas T. Liu², Howard Poizner³

¹Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, ²Department of Radiology, University of California, ³Department of Cognitive Science and Program in Neurosciences, University of California

The adaptation and use of a haptic robot in a 3T fMRI is described.

Multi-electrode Array Recordings of Neuronal Avalanches in Organotypic Cultures

JoVE 2949 8/01/2011

Dietmar Plenz, Craig V. Stewart, Woodrow Shew, Hongdian Yang, Andreas Klaus, Tim Bellay

Section on Critical Brain Dynamics, National Institute of Mental Health

A robust way to study neuronal avalanches, i.e. scale-invariant spatio-temporal activity bursts, indicative of critical state dynamics in cortex. Avalanches emerge spontaneously in developing superficial layers of cultured cortex which allows for long-term measurements of the activity with planar integrated multi-electrode arrays (MEA) under precisely controlled conditions.

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

JoVE 4125 11/08/2012

Jeffrey S. Phillips^1,2, Adam S. Greenberg^1,3, John A. Pyles^1,3, Sudhir K. Pathak^1,4, Marlene Behrmann^1,3, Walter Schneider^1,3, Michael J. Tarr^1,3

¹Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, ²Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, ³Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, ⁴Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh

We describe a novel approach for simultaneous analysis of brain function and structure using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We assess brain structure with high-resolution diffusion-weighted imaging and white-matter fiber tractography. Unlike standard structural MRI, these techniques allow us to directly relate anatomical connectivity to functional properties of brain networks.

Exploring Cognitive Functions in Babies, Children & Adults with Near Infrared Spectroscopy

JoVE 1268 7/28/2009

Mark H. Shalinsky¹, Iouila Kovelman¹, Melody S. Berens², Laura-Ann Petitto²

¹Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, ²Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough

Here we describe a data collection and data analysis method for functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), a novel non-invasive brain imaging system used in cognitive neuroscience, particularly in studying child brain development. This method provides a universal standard of data acquisition and analysis vital to data interpretation and scientific discovery.

How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry

JoVE 2030 11/10/2010

David Carmel^1,2, Michael Arcaro^3,4, Sabine Kastner^3,4, Uri Hasson^3,4

¹Department of Psychology, New York University, ²Centre for Neural Science, New York University, ³Department of Psychology, Princeton University, ⁴Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University

Binocular rivalry occurs when the eyes are presented with different images at the same location: one image dominates while the other is suppressed, and dominance alternates periodically. Rivalry is useful for investigating perceptual selection and visual awareness. Here we describe several easy methods for creating and using binocular rivalry stimuli.

Application of Stopped-flow Kinetics Methods to Investigate the Mechanism of Action of a DNA Repair Protein

JoVE 1874 3/31/2010

F. Noah Biro, Jie Zhai, Christopher W. Doucette, Manju M. Hingorani

Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Wesleyan University

Msh2-Msh6 is responsible for initiating repair of replication errors in DNA. Here we present a transient kinetics approach towards understanding how this critical protein works. The report illustrates stopped-flow experiments for measuring the coupled DNA binding and ATPase kinetics underlying Msh2-Msh6 mechanism of action in DNA repair.

Long-term Imaging Mammalian Cells using Wide-Field Microscopy

JoVE 120 11/30/2006

Meg Bentley, Randy King

Dept. of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School