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Cai, W., Jin, Y., Girton, J., Johansen, J., Johansen, K. M. Preparation of Drosophila Polytene Chromosome Squashes for Antibody Labeling. J. Vis. Exp. (36), e1748, doi:10.3791/1748 (2010).
1. Cultura de larvas de terceiro instar Drosophila
A fim de obter melhor cromossomos politênicos para preparações de squash de alta qualidade, condições de cultivo uncrowded são essenciais (ou seja, coloque em torno de 20 egg-laying moscas fêmeas em um padrão de garrafa fly 4 "e mudar para um novo frasco a cada dia). Selecione o mais gordo indivÃduos a partir da primeira safra de escalada larvas 3 enquanto eles ainda estão vagando, mas pouco antes de pupação. Nós cultura rotineiramente a 21 ° C 18 ° C, mas vai render mais gordos que os cromossomos podem ser mais adequados para determinados fins, como por exemplo quando a banda / interband regiões precisam ser visualizados em alta resolução.
2. Politênicos materiais de squash
Pinça de dissecção Drummond (2)
Placas de Petri (60 x 15 mm)
Lâminas de microscopia fosco (n º 12-544-3 Fisher) (poli-lisina-revestido)
22 x 22 mm N º 15 lamÃnulas (Fisher No. 12-520B) (revestido com Sigmacote; Sigma # SL2)
22 x 40 No. 15 mm lamÃnulas (Fisher No. 12-530B)
Kim-wipes
Microscópio de contraste de fase com objetivo 20X
Maid de borracha ou bandeja de Tupperware (ou bandeja selável equivalente)
Parafilme (corte em 22 quadrados mm)
175 pesos g
3. Fixadores e soluções
Estoque de formaldeÃdo 5X. Prepare uma nova solução de 0,74 g. paraformaldeÃdo em 4,0 ml de dH 2 O e com 28 mL de KOH 1N. Quente a 65 ° C para dissolver o paraformaldeÃdo e depois armazenar no gelo.
Fixador 1. Prepare uma nova solução de 0,5 ml de PBS 10X, 50μl Triton X-100, 3,45 ml dH 2 O e 1,0 ml de um estoque de formaldeÃdo 5X. Quente para dispersar o Triton X-100 e usar dentro de 1 hora.
Adicione 200 microlitros de Fixação 1 para o primeiro poço de uma lâmina de depressão duas bem e 200-300 microlitros de 2 de Fixação para o bem dois. Transferência de um par de glândulas salivares em um momento de um fixador em um bem e incubar para a quantidade de tempo necessário para o epÃtopo alvo, geralmente cerca de 1-2 minutos. (Nota: alguns epÃtopos, como para a maioria das modificações das histonas, pode exigir 5 minutos ou mais fixação.)
Forceps utilizando transferência de as glândulas salivares a 2 de Fixação em dois bem e incubar por dois minutos.
Examinar imediatamente o tecido ao microscópio de contraste de fase com um objectivo de 20 ou 40X para determinar se os cromossomos são bem distribuÃdos.
Agradecemos a Sra. V. Lephart para manutenção de estoques voar Este trabalho foi financiado pelo National Institutes for Health subvenção (GM62916) e National Science Foundation subvenção (MCB0817107).
Cai, W., Bao, X., Deng, H., Jin, Y., Girton, J., Johansen, J. & Johansen, K.M. RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription at active loci does not require histone H3S10 phosphorylation in Drosophila. Development 135, 2917-2925, (2008).
DiMario, P., Rosby, R., & Cui, Z. Direct visualization of GFP-fusion proteins on polytene chromosomes. Dros. Inf. Serv. 89, 115-118, (2006).
Johansen, K.M., Cai, W., Deng, H., Bao, X, Zhang, W., Girton, J. & Johansen, J. Methods for studying transcription and epigenetic chromatin modification in Drosophila polytene chromosome squash preparations using antibodies. Methods 48, 387-397, (2009).
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Fixative 1. mix 50 ul 10X PBS, 5μl Triton X-100, 345 ul dH2O and 100 ul of 5X formaldehyde stock. Warm to disperse the Triton X-100. Fixative 2. mix 150ul dH2O, 250 ul Glacial Acetic Acid, and 100 ul of 5X formaldehyde stock. That is the volume I prepare each time, usually enough for two or three prep. You need to prepare 5X formaldehyde stock first and this stock you can keep in -20°C for a long time. However the Fix1 and Fix2 you need to prepare freshly. If you have any question you can send me another e-mail. Thanks!
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This may be a dumb question but when you put the tissue in Fixative 1 the Triton will lyse the membrane(s), correct? What keeps you from losing the chromosomes in either Fixative 1 and/or Fixative 2? Is it the PFA? The reason I ask is because I have followed your protocol and I see ALOT of tissue that resemble lysed cells (i.e. rounded edges with "tear" spots at various locations); however, I obtain very few polytene chromosomes? My thought is that they may be getting flushed out during my transfers. Do you have any advice? Thanks!
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You are right about the Triton. If you leave the glands in too long they will fall apart. The trick is to leave them in just long enough. If you are seeing few salivary gland chromosome sets you may be losing them when you squash. When you put them on the coverslip and then pick up the coverslip with the slide the chromosomes may float away to the edges of the cover slip if there is too much liquid present. Try placing them on the coverslip in a smaller drop of liquid and being careful about how you apply the pressure when you squash. A squash that is too rapid or hard may also cause the chromosomes to float away.
can you please send me the protocal
1
ReplyPosted by: monaApril 21, 2010, 4:46 AM