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Benard, E. L., van der Sar, A. M., Ellett, F., Lieschke, G. J., Spaink, H. P., Meijer, A. H. Infection of Zebrafish Embryos with Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens. J. Vis. Exp. (61), e3781, doi:10.3791/3781 (2012).
直接泌尿生殖器の開口部( 図1A)、針の先端とピアス周皮に尾静脈に近い上に針の先端を配置し、細菌の所望の投与量を注入し、我々は、CAを使用しています。 S. 250 CFU DS-RED発現ベクターpGMDs3、およびCAを含む菌野生型(WT)株SL1027、。 M. 120 CFU marinum株Mma20。注入された細菌懸濁液は、心臓に向かって尾静脈を介して血流に従います。注射は、直接パルス2の後に血管系の拡大ボリュームをチェックして正しく実行された場合は監視します。用量反応実験では、2月3日連続注射は、針を抽出することなく行うことができます。
Meijer, A.H. & Spaink, H.P. Host-pathogen interactions made transparent with the zebrafish model. Curr. Drug Targets.12, 1000-1017 (2011).
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van der Sar, A.M., Spaink, H.P., Zakrzewska, A., Bitter, W., & Meijer, A.H. Specificity of the zebrafish host transcriptome response to acute and chronic mycobacterial infection and the role of innate and adaptive immune components. Mol. Immunol.46, 2317-2332 (2009).
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Gutzman, J.H. & Sive, H. Zebrafish Brain Ventricle Injection. J. Vis. Exp. (26), e1218, DOI: 10.3791/1218 (2009).
Ellett, F., Pase, L., Hayman, J.W., Andrianopoulos, A., & Lieschke, G.J. mpeg1 promoter transgenes direct macrophage-lineage expression in zebrafish. Blood.117, e49-56 (2011).
Stockhammer, O.W., Zakrzewska, A., Hegedus, Z., Spaink, H.P., & Meijer, A.H. Transcriptome profiling and functional analyses of the zebrafish embryonic innate immune response to Salmonella infection. J. Immunol.182, 5641-5653 (2009).
Renshaw, S.A., et al. A transgenic zebrafish model of neutrophilic inflammation. Blood.108, 3976-3978 (2006).
Stoop, E.J., et al. Zebrafish embryo screen for mycobacterial genes involved in the initiation of granuloma formation reveals a newly identified ESX-1 component. Dis. Model Mech.4, 526-536 (2011).
Levraud, J.P., et al. Identification of the zebrafish IFN receptor: implications for the origin of the vertebrate IFN system. Journal of Immunology.178, 4385-4394 (2007).
Levraud, J.P., Colucci-Guyon, E., Redd, M.J., Lutfalla, G., & Herbomel, P. In vivo analysis of zebrafish innate immunity. Methods Mol. Biol.415, 337-363 (2008).
Brothers, K.M., Newman, Z.R., & Wheeler, R.T. Live imaging of disseminated candidiasis in zebrafish reveals role of phagocyte oxidase in limiting filamentous growth. Eukaryot. Cell.10, 932-944 (2011).
Colucci-Guyon, E., Tinevez, J.Y., Renshaw, S.A., & Herbomel, P. Strategies of professional phagocytes in vivo: unlike macrophages, neutrophils engulf only surface-associated microbes. J. Cell Sci.124, 3053-3059 (2011).
van Soest, J.J, et al. Comparison of static immersion and intravenous injection systems for exposure of zebrafish embryos to the natural pathogen Edwardsiella tarda. BMC Immunology.12, 58 (2011).
Adams, K.N., et al. Drug tolerance in replicating mycobacteria mediated by a macrophage-induced efflux mechanism. Cell.145, 39-53 (2011).
Ellett, F.L. & Lieschke, G.J. Computational quantification of fluorescent leukocyte numbers in zebrafish embryos. Methods in Enzymology. In press, (2011).
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