University of Salamanca 3 articles published in JoVE Biochemistry Biotinylated Cell-penetrating Peptides to Study Intracellular Protein-protein Interactions Myriam Jaraíz-Rodríguez1, Ana González-Sánchez1,2, Laura García-Vicente1, Jose M. Medina1, Arantxa Tabernero1 1Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, 2 This is a protocol to study intracellular protein-protein interactions based on the biotin-avidin pull-down system with the novelty of combining cell-penetrating sequences. The main advantage is that the target sequence is incubated with living cells instead of cell lysates and therefore the interactions will occur within the cellular context. Behavior Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain Verónica Lamas1,2, Sheila Estévez1, Marianni Pernía1, Ignacio Plaza1, Miguel A. Merchán1 1Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, 2Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School We describe a method for the stereotactically-guided location, exposure, and ablation of the auditory cortex in rats. The localization of the ablation is assessed using a coordinate map postmortem. Neuroscience Extracellular Recording of Neuronal Activity Combined with Microiontophoretic Application of Neuroactive Substances in Awake Mice Yaneri A. Ayala1, David Pérez-González1, Daniel Duque1,2, Alan R. Palmer3, Manuel S. Malmierca1,4 1Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, 2Neural Systems Laboratory, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, 3Medical Research Council Institute of Hearing Research, 4Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca We present methods for the construction of electrodes to simultaneously record extracellular neural activity and release multiple neuroactive substances at the vicinity of the recording sites in awake mice. This technique allows the detailed analysis of putative local synaptic inputs to the neuron of interest.