National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 12 articles published in JoVE Engineering Mechanoluminescent Visualization of Crack Propagation for Joint Evaluation Nao Terasaki1, Yuki Fujio1 1Sensing System Research Center (SSRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) In this study, a protocol is presented that describes the use of mechanoluminescent (ML) visualization for monitoring crack propagation and mechanical behavior during adhesive joint evaluation testing. Developmental Biology Stab Wound Injury Model of the Adult Optic Tectum Using Zebrafish and Medaka for the Comparative Analysis of Regenerative Capacity Yuki Shimizu1,2, Takashi Kawasaki1 1Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology A mechanical brain injury model in the adult zebrafish is described to investigate the molecular mechanisms regulating their high regenerative capacity. The method explains to create a stab wound injury in the optic tectum of multiple species of small fish to evaluate the regenerative responses using fluorescent immunostaining. Engineering Electroantennography-based Bio-hybrid Odor-detecting Drone using Silkmoth Antennae for Odor Source Localization Daigo Terutsuki1, Tomoya Uchida2, Chihiro Fukui3, Yuji Sukekawa1, Yuki Okamoto4, Ryohei Kanzaki1 1Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 2Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 3Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 4Sensing System Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology This study introduces experimental protocols for a bio-hybrid odor-detecting drone based on silkmoth antennae. The operation of an experimental electroantennogram device with silkmoth antennae is presented, in addition to the structure of a bio-hybrid drone designed for odor source localization using the spiral-surge algorithm. Developmental Biology Electroporation-mediated RNA Interference Method in Odonata Genta Okude1,2, Takema Fukatsu1,2,3, Ryo Futahashi2 1Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 2Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba We provide a detailed protocol for electroporation-mediated RNA interference in insects of the order Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) using the blue-tailed damselfly (Ischnura senegalensis: Coenagironidae: Zygoptera) and the pied skimmer dragonfly (Pseudothemis zonata: Libellulidae: Anisoptera). Genetics Introducing a Gene Knockout Directly Into the Amastigote Stage of Trypanosoma cruzi Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System Yukie Akutsu1, Motomichi Doi1, Koji Furukawa1, Yuko Takagi1 1Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Here, we describe a protocol to introduce a gene knockout into the extracellular amastigote of Trypanosoma cruzi, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The growth phenotype can be followed up either by cell counting of axenic amastigote culture or by proliferation of intracellular amastigotes after host cell invasion. Immunology and Infection Bacterial Cell Culture at the Single-cell Level Inside Giant Vesicles Masamune Morita1, Yuri Ota1,2, Kaoru Katoh1, Naohiro Noda1,2 1Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University We demonstrate single-cell culture of bacteria inside giant vesicles (GVs). GVs containing bacterial cells were prepared by the droplet transfer method and were immobilized on a supported membrane on a glass substrate for direct observation of bacterial growth. This approach may also be adaptable to other cells. Chemistry Accumulation and Analysis of Cuprous Ions in a Copper Sulfate Plating Solution Toshiaki Koga1, Yoshitaro Sakata1, Nao Terasaki1 1Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute, Department of Electronics and Manufacturing, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Here, accumulation of cuprous ions in a copper sulfate plating solution in a model experiment and an analysis based on quantitative measurements are described. This experiment reproduces the accumulation process of cuprous ions in the plating bath. Biochemistry Detection of Phospholipase C Activity in the Brain Homogenate from the Honeybee Shota Suenami1,2, Ryo Miyazaki1, Takeo Kubo2 1Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo To test the inhibitory effects of pharmacologic agents on phospholipase C (PLC) in different regions of the honeybee brain, we present a biochemical assay to measure PLC activity in those regions. This assay could be useful for comparing PLC activity among tissues, as well as among bees exhibiting different behaviors. Engineering Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes Qinghua Wang1, Shien Ri1, Hiroshi Tsuda1 1Research Institute for Measurement and Analytical Instrumentation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) A sampling moiré technique featuring 2-pixel and multi-pixel sampling methods for high-accuracy strain distribution measurements at the micro/nano-scale is presented here. Environment Protocol for Measuring the Thermal Properties of a Supercooled Synthetic Sand-water-gas-methane Hydrate Sample Michihiro Muraoka1, Naoko Susuki1, Hiroko Yamaguchi2, Tomoya Tsuji3, Yoshitaka Yamamoto1 1Research Institute of Energy Frontier, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 3SHIZEN ikohza, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia We present a protocol for measuring the thermal properties of synthetic hydrate-bearing sediment samples comprising sand, water, methane, and methane hydrate. Engineering Integration of Light Trapping Silver Nanostructures in Hydrogenated Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Transfer Printing Hidenori Mizuno1, Hitoshi Sai2, Koji Matsubara2, Hidetaka Takato1, Michio Kondo1 1Renewable Energy Research Center, Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan, 2Research Center for Photovoltaic Technologies, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan A viable transfer printing-based methodology to introduce plasmonic metal nanostructures in solar cells is described. Using nanopillar poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamps, an Ag-based ordered nanodisk array was integrated with standard hydrogenated microcrystalline Si solar cells, which led to improved device performances due to plasmonic light trapping. Chemistry Determining the Ice-binding Planes of Antifreeze Proteins by Fluorescence-based Ice Plane Affinity Koli Basu1, Christopher P. Garnham2, Yoshiyuki Nishimiya3, Sakae Tsuda3, Ido Braslavsky4, Peter Davies1 1 Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) bind to specific planes of ice to prevent or slow ice growth. Fluorescence-based ice plane affinity (FIPA) analysis is a modification of the original ice-etching method for determination of AFP-bound ice planes. AFPs are fluorescently labeled, incorporated into macroscopic single ice crystals, and visualized under UV light.
