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Cell Biology
层粘连蛋白是基底层的粘附蛋白
层粘连蛋白是基底层的粘附蛋白
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Cell Biology
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JoVE Core Cell Biology
Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina

27.10: 层粘连蛋白是基底层的粘附蛋白

3,063 Views
00:55 min
April 30, 2023
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

层粘连蛋白是在细胞外基质中发现的具有高分子量的异三聚体蛋白质。每个层粘连蛋白分子由三个链组成,即α、β和γ,分别由五个、四个和三个旁系同源基因编码。层粘连蛋白是根据这三条链的组成进行分类的。

在人类中,α 链的五种形式是 LAMA 1、LAMA 2、LAMA 3、LAMA 4 和 LAMA 5。β 链的四种形式是 LAMB 1、LAMB 2、LAMB 3 和 LAMB 4。γ链是 LAMC 1、LAMC 2 和 LAMC 3。

在细胞外基质中,层粘连蛋白彼此结合形成网状结构。该网状物与基底膜聚糖、巢蛋白和 IV 型胶原蛋白等其他大分子结合,形成基底层的框架。层粘连蛋白还通过与其整合素或肌营养不良聚糖结合来与细胞连接。

生物学上层粘连蛋白有助于影响细胞粘附、分化和迁移。层粘连蛋白对于组织的生存和维持至关重要。层粘连蛋白缺陷会导致肌肉形成不当、皮肤起泡以及与肾脏过滤相关的问题。层粘连蛋白在神经发育和周围神经修复中也发挥着重要作用。

Transcript

层粘连蛋白是在基底层中发现的多粘附糖蛋白。它们由三条多肽链 α、β 和 γ 组成,通过多个二硫键共价连接。

这些链在 C 端扭曲在一起,而在 N 端保持分离。

α 亚基 C 端的层粘连蛋白 G 样结构域与细胞膜中存在的整合素和肌营养不良蛋白聚糖等蛋白质相互作用。这主要有助于细胞粘附,并有助于在细胞内和细胞外物质之间交换信号。

N 端与其他层粘连蛋白相互作用,形成网状网络。它进一步与 IV 型胶原蛋白、perlecan 和 entactin 结合形成基底层。

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层粘连蛋白 粘附蛋白 基底层 细胞外基质 α链 β链 γ链 整合素 细胞粘附 分化 迁移 组织维护 缺陷层粘连蛋白 神经发育 周围神经修复

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