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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Cancer Research
细胞骨架和黏着斑组织测定:一种基于免疫荧光的研究细胞粘附和在底物上扩散的方法
细胞骨架和黏着斑组织测定:一种基于免疫荧光的研究细胞粘附和在底物上扩散的方法
Encyclopedia of Experiments
Cancer Research
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Cancer Research
Cytoskeleton and Focal Adhesion Organization Assay: An Immunofluorescence-based Method to Study Cell Adhesion and Spreading on Substrates

细胞骨架和黏着斑组织测定:一种基于免疫荧光的研究细胞粘附和在底物上扩散的方法

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03:25 min
April 30, 2023
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Transcript

- 底物形态极大地影响癌细胞的行为和转移反应。肌动蛋白细胞骨架的动态网络为细胞提供结构支持并介导细胞运动。称为黏着斑的大膜相关蛋白复合物将细胞骨架与细胞外基质连接起来,促进细胞扩散。

要开始染色,请取癌细胞培养物,并用多聚甲醛处理它们以固定和透化细胞。现在,用含有蛋白质的信号增强剂试剂孵育细胞,以制备细胞以减少背景染色。添加与黏着斑复合物中的一种蛋白质 vinculin 结合的抗黏着斑蛋白一抗。

接下来,将样品与靶向一抗的荧光染料偶联二抗一起孵育。最后,用荧光标记的鬼笔环肽偶联物处理细胞,这些偶联物选择性地与细胞骨架的肌动蛋白丝结合。在共聚焦激光扫描显微镜下观察细胞以研究其荧光信号。

形态分布良好的细胞表现出明确的肌动蛋白纤维,并呈现独特而细长的含黏着斑的黏着斑。相反,分布不良的细胞不具有明确的肌动蛋白丝,但显示含有黏着斑的点状黏着斑。在下面的方案中,我们将演示一种免疫荧光测定法,以研究原发性结肠癌细胞中的细胞骨架和粘着斑组织。

- 将要免疫染色的底物带到层流罩中,并去除培养基。然后,用磷酸盐缓冲盐水或 PBS 冲洗底物,并在室温下用 4% 多聚甲醛的 PBS 溶液固定细胞 20 分钟。用 PBS 洗涤底物 5 分钟,共 3 次。然后,将底物与 500 μL 信号增强剂一起孵育 30 分钟,然后用 PBS 冲洗。

接下来,将细胞与 1 至 250 稀释的单克隆抗黏着斑蛋白抗体在 PBS 中在室温下孵育 45 分钟。然后,用 PBS 洗涤底物 5 分钟,总共 3 次。将样品与 1 至 200 稀释度的二抗 Alexa Fluor 488 山羊抗小鼠 IgG 在 PBS 中室温孵育 30 分钟。然后,再次用 PBS 洗涤底物 5 分钟,共 3 次。

为了观察 F-肌动蛋白结构,将细胞与浓度为 50 μL/mL 的四甲基罗丹明-鬼笔环肽偶联物在室温下孵育 45 分钟。然后,像以前一样再次清洗基材。最后,继续使用共聚焦扫描激光显微镜对样品进行成像。

Key Terms and Definitions

  • Focal Adhesion - Protein complex facilitating cell-cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix connection.
  • Vinculin - An integral protein within the focal adhesion complex.
  • Actin Cytoskeleton - Provides structural support to cells and mediates cellular movement.
  • Immunofluorescence - A staining method used to visualize components within a cell.
  • Cell Spreading - The process related to cell movement and attachment involving focal adhesions and actin filaments.

Scientific Background

  • Introduce Focal Adhesion - Protein complex connecting actin cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (e.g., vinculin).
  • Key Concepts - Supporting cell's structural integrity, movement, and interactions (e.g., actin network).
  • Underlying Mechanisms - Fundamental processes facilitating cell adhesion, spreading, and movement.
  • Connect to Experiment - Using immunofluorescence to visualize actin and vinculin in cancer cells.

Questions that this video will help you answer

  • What is focal adhesion and how does it facilitate cellular movement and interaction?
  • How does vinculin function within the focal adhesion complex?
  • How is immunofluorescence used to study the organization of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion?

Applications and Relevance

  • Practical Applications – Understanding cellular behavior and responses through immunofluorescence (e.g., cancer research).
  • Industry Impact – Enhancing the understanding of cell morphology in biomedical sector (e.g., drug development).
  • Societal Importance – Broadening comprehension of diseases trajectory and treatment options (e.g., cancer).
  • Link to Scientific Advancements - Immunofluorescence marks a significant advancement in cell biology studies.

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