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JoVE Journal
Immunology and Infection
通过酶联凝集素测定来测量神经氨酸酶流感抑制抗体滴度
通过酶联凝集素测定来测量神经氨酸酶流感抑制抗体滴度
JoVE Journal
Immunology and Infection
This content is Free Access.
JoVE Journal Immunology and Infection
Measuring Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibody Titers by Enzyme-linked Lectin Assay

通过酶联凝集素测定来测量神经氨酸酶流感抑制抗体滴度

Full Text
19,897 Views
08:11 min
September 6, 2016

DOI: 10.3791/54573-v

Jin Gao1, Laura Couzens1, Maryna C. Eichelberger1

1Division of Viral Products, CBER,Food and Drug Administration

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This article describes the enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) for measuring influenza neuraminidase (NA)-inhibition antibody titers in sera. The assay utilizes peanut agglutinin to quantify galactose residues that become accessible when NA removes sialic acid from fetuin-coated plates.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Assay Development

Background

  • Neuraminidase is a glycoprotein on the influenza virus surface.
  • Measuring antibody responses to neuraminidase is crucial for vaccine research.
  • The ELLA provides a practical platform for high-throughput analysis.
  • Reassortant influenza viruses are used to avoid interference from hemagglutinin antibodies.

Purpose of Study

  • To measure functional antibody titers against neuraminidase.
  • To assess antibody responses post-influenza vaccination or infection.
  • To establish a reliable method for large-scale serum sample analysis.

Methods Used

  • Preparation of virus dilutions in a 96-well plate.
  • Washing fetuin-coated plates and adding serum samples.
  • Incubation and optical density measurement at 490 nm.
  • Determining the 50% endpoint titer from the assay results.

Main Results

  • Representative results show percent inhibition of neuraminidase activity.
  • Identified serum dilutions that resulted in significant inhibition.
  • Demonstrated the assay's effectiveness in measuring antibody responses.

Conclusions

  • The ELLA is a valuable tool for assessing neuraminidase inhibition.
  • It can facilitate research into vaccine efficacy and immune responses.
  • Future applications may enhance understanding of influenza immunity.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the ELLA used for?
The ELLA is used to measure functional antibody titers against neuraminidase in serum samples.
How does the ELLA work?
It quantifies galactose residues exposed by neuraminidase activity on fetuin-coated plates.
What are the safety requirements for using reassortant viruses?
Working with live reassortant viruses requires a permit and biosafety level 2 enhanced procedures.
What is the significance of measuring neuraminidase inhibition?
It helps evaluate the immune response to influenza vaccination or infection.
What are the main advantages of the ELLA?
It allows for high-throughput analysis of large numbers of serum samples.
How are the results of the ELLA interpreted?
Results are interpreted based on the percent inhibition of neuraminidase activity at various serum dilutions.

我们描述了用于测量血清中流感神经氨酸酶 (NA) 抑制抗体滴度的酶联凝集素测定 (ELLA)。该测定使用花生凝集素来量化当 NA 从胎球蛋白包被的 96 孔板中去除唾液酸时变得可接近的半乳糖残基。

这种酶联凝集素测定的总体目标是测量针对神经氨酸酶(流感病毒表面的一种糖蛋白)的功能性抗体滴度。这种方法可以帮助回答疫苗领域的关键问题,例如,接种流感疫苗或感染后是否有对神经氨酸酶的抗体反应?该技术的主要优点是它提供了一个实用的平台来测量大量血清样品中的神经氨酸酶抑制滴度。

含有目标神经氨酸酶和 H6 亚型血凝素的重排流感病毒用于 ELLA。这可以防止针对疫苗中血凝素的抗体或感染性 A 病毒的干扰。处理活体重排 H6 流感病毒需要获得许可,并按照生物安全 2 级强化程序进行处理。

经化学灭活的 H6 重排病毒可用于测定。本演示中使用了灭活的 H6N2 病毒。首先将 120 μL 样品稀释剂分配到稀释板的第 1 至第 11 列中,在 96 孔板中制备病毒稀释液。

向第 1 列额外添加 96 μL 样品稀释剂。解冻并涡旋病毒小瓶,然后将 24 微升病毒加入第 1 列的孔中。这得到了 1:10 的病毒稀释度。

将

120 μL 样品从一个孔转移到另一个孔中,对样品稀释剂中的病毒进行连续的两倍稀释,每次稀释使用干净的移液器吸头。接下来,用 PBS-T 洗涤胎球蛋白包被的板 3 次。然后将每个板吸干到吸水纸巾上,以去除多余的洗涤缓冲液。

向胎球蛋白包被板的第 1 至第 11 列的每个孔中加入 50 μL 样品稀释剂。向第 12 列添加 100 μL 样品稀释剂,用于阴性对照。将 50 μL 稀释的病毒从稀释板的第 1 列至第 11 列转移到胎球蛋白包被板的重复孔中。

轻轻敲击以混合。然后用板密封剂盖住板。将板放入 37 摄氏度的加湿培养箱中。

16 至 18 小时后,将板转移到工作台上并取下板封口机。用 PBS-T 清洗板六次,然后倒置并拍打在吸水纸巾上,以确保所有液体都已从孔中去除。接下来,向所有孔中加入每孔 100 微升花生凝集素辣根过氧化物酶溶液,并在室温下孵育板 2 小时。

在

孵育结束前不到 15 分钟,准备 OPD 溶液。将测试板洗涤 3 次以去除 PNA-HRPO 并吸干,然后向每个孔中加入 100 微升 OPD 底物。将板在室温下避光孵育 10 分钟。

通过每孔添加 100 μL 的一种正常硫酸来终止反应。使用读板器测量 490 纳米处的光密度 (OD) 0.1 秒。接下来,选择将用于血清学的病毒稀释度,如文本方案和结果部分所述。

在病毒滴定曲线的线性范围内选择稀释度至关重要。我们更喜欢产生接近最大值信号的稀释度,以便使用整个检测范围。在确定检测所需的病毒稀释度后进行 ELLA。

首先,按照文本方案中的说明准备试剂和起始材料。在 56 摄氏度的水浴中加热并活化血清样品 45 至 60 分钟。解冻一小瓶病毒,涡旋,然后将其重悬于所选稀释度的样品稀释液中。

为每个检测板准备至少 5 毫升病毒。将稀释的病毒放在冰上,直到洗涤板并将血清样品添加到板中。通过在圆底 96 孔板中连续稀释 2 倍来制备血清样品和任何对照的稀释液,从样品稀释剂的 1/10 稀释开始。

使用多通道移液器将 50 μL 每种血清对照或样品稀释液从稀释板转移到洗涤过的胎球蛋白涂层板的两份孔中。样品稀释液应添加到第 2 至 11 列中。向除第 12 列中的阴性对照外的所有孔中加入 50 微升稀释的病毒。

向第 1 列的孔中加入 50 μL 样品稀释剂,向第 12 列中加入 100 μL 样品稀释剂。用板密封剂盖住孔,然后轻轻敲击板的侧面或将其以中等速度放在板振荡器上 10 秒钟,以混合方式混合。将板置于 37 摄氏度的加湿培养箱中 16 至 18 小时。

过夜孵育完成后,在添加 PNA-HRPO 之前洗涤板,并像以前一样完成测定。读取 490 纳米处的光密度并确认测定结果有效。按照文本协议和结果部分所述确定 50%endpoint 滴度。

为了选择将用于血清学的病毒稀释度,会生成一个图表,该图表绘制了每个病毒稀释度下 490 纳米处的 OD 值。最大的 OD 在最低的病毒稀释度下形成平台。选择提供大约 90% 最大信号且在线性范围内的病毒稀释度。

确认所选稀释度的 OD 至少比背景信号大十倍。这是为采用此特定病毒库的 ELLA 选择的病毒稀释度。显示了酶联凝集素测定的代表性结果,显示了为每种血清稀释度计算的神经氨酸酶活性抑制百分比。

血清稀释度绘制在对数刻度上,如下图所示。确定导致神经氨酸酶活性抑制大于或等于 50% 的血清稀释度。在这个例子中,血清的 1:160 稀释液导致 74% 的抑制,血清的 1:320 稀释液导致 45% 的抑制。

因此,神经氨酸酶抑制滴度为 160。开发后,这项技术为研究人员探索季节性流感病毒神经氨酸酶的抗原差异铺平了道路。ELLA 还用于证明神经氨酸酶抑制抗体与对流感临床症状的保护相关。

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