/* =============================================================================
   HTML5 Boilerplate CSS: h5bp.com/css
   ========================================================================== */

article, aside, details, figcaption, figure, footer, header, hgroup, nav, section { display: block; }
audio, canvas, video { display: inline-block; *display: inline; *zoom: 1; }
audio:not([controls]) { display: none; }
[hidden] { display: none; }

html { font-size: 100%; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
html, button, input, select, textarea { font-family: sans-serif; color: #222; }
body { margin: 0; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4; }

::-moz-selection { background: #3a74ba; color: #fff; text-shadow: none; }
::selection { background: #3a74ba; color: #fff; text-shadow: none; }

a { color: #00e; }
a:hover { color: #06e; }
a:focus { outline: thin dotted; }
a:hover, a:active { outline: 0; }

abbr[title] { border-bottom: 1px dotted; }
b, strong { font-weight: bold; }
blockquote { margin: 1em 40px; }
dfn { font-style: italic; }
hr { display: block; height: 1px; border: 0; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; margin: 1em 0; padding: 0; }
ins { background: #ff9; color: #000; text-decoration: none; }
mark { background: #ff0; color: #000; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; }
pre, code, kbd, samp { font-family: monospace, serif; _font-family: 'courier new', monospace; font-size: 1em; }
pre { white-space: pre; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; }
q { quotes: none; }
q:before, q:after { content: ""; content: none; }
small { font-size: 85%; }

sub, sup { font-size: 75%; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; }
sup { top: -0.5em; }
sub { bottom: -0.25em; }

ul, ol { margin: 1em 0; padding: 0 0 0 40px; }
dd { margin: 0 0 0 40px; }
nav ul, nav ol { list-style: none; list-style-image: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

img { border: 0; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; vertical-align: middle; }

svg:not(:root) { overflow: hidden; }

figure { margin: 0; }

form { margin: 0; }
fieldset { border: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
label { cursor: pointer; }
legend { border: 0; *margin-left: -7px; padding: 0; white-space: normal; }
button, input, select, textarea { font-size: 100%; margin: 0; vertical-align: baseline; *vertical-align: middle; }
button, input { line-height: normal; }
button, input[type="button"], input[type="reset"], input[type="submit"] { cursor: pointer; -webkit-appearance: button; *overflow: visible; }
button[disabled], input[disabled] { cursor: default; }
input[type="checkbox"], input[type="radio"] { box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0; *width: 13px; *height: 13px; }
input[type="search"] { -webkit-appearance: textfield; -moz-box-sizing: content-box; -webkit-box-sizing: content-box; box-sizing: content-box; }
input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration, input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button { -webkit-appearance: none; }
button::-moz-focus-inner, input::-moz-focus-inner { border: 0; padding: 0; }
textarea { overflow: auto; vertical-align: top; resize: vertical; }
input:valid, textarea:valid {  }
input:invalid, textarea:invalid { background-color: #f0dddd; }

table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; }
td { vertical-align: top; }

.chromeframe { margin: 0.2em 0; background: #ccc; color: black; padding: 0.2em 0; }



/* ===== Primary Styles ========================================================
   Author: JoVE Design
   ========================================================================== */

body {
	background: #fff;
	color: #3a3a3a;
	font-family: 'Arimo', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

/* Article */

.video_container, .video_chapters {
	float: left;
}
.article_top {
	overflow: hidden;
}
.article_text {
	clear: both;
	margin: 20px 0;
}
.article_container hgroup {
	margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.article_container hgroup h1, .author_container h1 {
	font-family: 'Bitter', serif;
	font-size: 18px;
	font-weight: bold;
	margin: 14px 0 10px;
}

.article_container hgroup h1 a:link, .article_container hgroup h1 a:visited, .article_container hgroup h1 a:hover, .article_container hgroup h1 a:active {
	color: #3a3a3a;
	text-decoration:none;
}

.article_container hgroup h1 a:hover {
	text-decoration:underline;
}

.authors, .institutions {
	font-size: 12px;
	font-weight: normal;
	margin: 8px 0;
}
.authors a, .article_text a, .jove_content a, .video_list a {
	color: #3a74ba;
	text-decoration: none;
}
.authors a:hover, .article_text a:hover, .jove_content a:hover {
	border-bottom: 1px dotted;
}
.institutions a:link, .institutions a:active, .institutions a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration:none;
}
.institutions a:hover {
	text-decoration:underline;
}
.authors_note {
	font-size: 11px;
	font-weight: lighter;
	margin: 10px 0;
}
.video_container {
	margin-right: 12px;
	width: 440px;
}
.video_chapters {
	width: 214px;
}
.video_chapters h2, .sidebar_box h2, .related h2 {
	font-family: 'Bitter', serif;
	font-size: 14px;
	font-weight: bold;
}
.video_chapters h2 {
	margin-bottom: 22px;
	margin-top: 0;
	text-align: center;
}
.video_chapters td {
	font-size: 13px;
	padding-bottom: 10px;
}
.chapter_time {
	padding-right: 10px;
}
.video_chapters tr:hover, .chapter_selected {
	background-color: #fff;
	cursor: pointer;
}
.red_lock, .red {
	color: #ff0000;
}
.subscribe {
	display:block;
	text-align:center;
	background-color: #dddddd;
	font-weight:bold;
	padding: 30px 40px;
}
.subscription_required {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
	color: #ff0000;
	border: 1px solid #ff0000;
	text-align: center;
	margin: 10px 20px;
}
.section_heading {
	background-color: #353535;
	font-family: 'Bitter', Georgia, Times, serif;
	font-size: 16px;
	margin: 0 0 20px;
	padding: 14px;
}
.article_text p, .jove_content, #section_body_abstract{
	font-size: 12px;
	line-height: 24px;
	padding: 0;
}
.video_list {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
    box-shadow: 0 0 2px #B8B8B8;
    clear: both;
    cursor: pointer;
    height: 53px;
    margin-bottom: 9px;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 5px;
    position: relative;
}
.related_videos .video_list {
	clear:none;
	width: 182px;
	float:left;
	filter: alpha(opacity=100);
	background-color: #eeeeee;
	margin-left: 8px;
	margin-top:2px;
}
.video_list:hover {
	background-color: #fff;
}
.video_list img, .video_list p {
	float: left;
}
.video_list img {
	width: 70px;
}
.video_list p {
	line-height: 13px;
	margin: 1px 0 0 6px;
	color: #3f76b8;
	font-size: 10px;
	text-decoration: none;
	width: 100px;
}
.play_button {
	background: url(/img/sprite.png?v=44) no-repeat -174px -17px;
	display: block;
	height: 24px;
	position: absolute;
	width: 24px;
}
.video_list .play_button {
	display:none;
	left: 10px;
	top: 8px;
}
.thumb_link .play_button {
	margin-left: 10px;
	margin-top: 8px;
}
.preroll_video_overlay {
	position:absolute;
	z-index:99;
	cursor:pointer;
}
.related h2 {
	font-family: 'Bitter', serif;
	font-size: 14px;
	font-weight: bold;
}
.related {
	padding-bottom:5px;
}
.related_videos {
	position: absolute;
	z-index: 10;
	margin: 20px 20px 0px 20px;
	box-shadow: 0 0 12px #000000;
	-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 12px #000000;
	-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 12px #000000;
	background-color:#333333;
}
.related_videos h2 {
	color:white;
	text-align:center;
	font-size:18pt;
	font-weight:bold;
	margin: 8px 0px 5px 0px;
}
.related_videos .replay_video {
	display:block;
	clear:both;
	text-align:center;
	color:white;
	font-size: 10pt;
	cursor: pointer;
}
.replay_icon {
	width: 22px;
	height:22px;
	background: url(/img/sprite.png?v=44) no-repeat -18px -838px !important;
	margin-right: 10px;
	display:inline-block;
}
.related_videos_close_button {
	width: 22px;
	height:22px;
	background: url(/img/sprite.png?v=44) no-repeat -55px -838px !important;
	position:absolute;
	left: 395px;
	top:-5px;
	cursor: pointer;
}
.related_videos_close_button:hover {
	background-position: -54px -837px !important;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Media Queries
   ========================================================================== */

@media only screen and (min-width: 35em) {
	/* Style adjustments for viewports that meet the condition */
}

/* =============================================================================
   Non-Semantic Helper Classes
   ========================================================================== */

.ir { display: block; border: 0; text-indent: -999em; overflow: hidden; background-color: transparent; background-repeat: no-repeat; text-align: left; direction: ltr; *line-height: 0; }
.ir br { display: none; }
.hidden { display: none !important; visibility: hidden; }
.visuallyhidden { border: 0; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; }
.visuallyhidden.focusable:active, .visuallyhidden.focusable:focus { clip: auto; height: auto; margin: 0; overflow: visible; position: static; width: auto; }
.invisible { visibility: hidden; }
.clearfix:before, .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; }
.clearfix:after { clear: both; }
.clearfix { *zoom: 1; }

/* =============================================================================
   Print Styles
   ========================================================================== */
 
@media print {
  * { background: transparent !important; color: black !important; box-shadow:none !important; text-shadow: none !important; filter:none !important; -ms-filter: none !important; } /* Black prints faster: h5bp.com/s */
  a, a:visited { text-decoration: underline; }
  a[href]:after { content: " (" attr(href) ")"; }
  abbr[title]:after { content: " (" attr(title) ")"; }
  .ir a:after, a[href^="javascript:"]:after, a[href^="#"]:after { content: ""; }  /* Don't show links for images, or javascript/internal links */
  pre, blockquote { border: 1px solid #999; page-break-inside: avoid; }
  thead { display: table-header-group; } /* h5bp.com/t */
  tr, img { page-break-inside: avoid; }
  img { max-width: 100% !important; }
  @page { margin: 0.5cm; }
  p, h2, h3 { orphans: 3; widows: 3; }
  h2, h3 { page-break-after: avoid; }
}