Medical University of Vienna View Institution's Website 34 articles published in JoVE Neuroscience Microsurgical Creation of Giant Bifurcation Aneurysms in Rabbits for the Evaluation of Endovascular Devices Branko Popadic1,2,3, Florian Scheichel1,2,3, Cornelia Pangratz-Daller1,2,3, Roberto Plasenzotti4, Camillo Sherif1,2,3 1Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 2Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, 3Cerebrovascular Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, 4Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna Here, we describe the technique for the microsurgical creation of giant bifurcation aneurysms in rabbits for the evaluation of endovascular devices. Behavior The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups Theresa Rössler1,3, Berenika Mioduszewska1,4, Mark O’Hara1,2, Ludwig Huber1, Dewi M. Prawiradilaga2, Alice M. I. Auersperg1 1Comparative Cognition, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 2Research Center for Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), 3Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, 4Max Planck Institute for Ornithology The Innovation Arena is a novel comparative method for studying technical innovation rate per time unit in animals. It is composed of 20 different problem-solving tasks, which are presented simultaneously. Innovations can be carried out freely and the setup is robust with regard to predispositions on an individual, population or species level. Bioengineering Automated Two-dimensional Spatiotemporal Analysis of Mobile Single-molecule FRET Probes Lukas Schrangl1, Janett Göhring2, Florian Kellner2, Johannes B. Huppa2, Gerhard J. Schütz1 1Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 2Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna This article presents a method for spatiotemporal analysis of mobile, single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET)-based probes using widefield fluorescence microscopy. The newly developed software toolkit allows the determination of smFRET time traces of moving probes, including the correct FRET efficiency and the molecular positions, as functions of time. Medicine Therapy Interventions for Upper Limb Amputees Undergoing Selective Nerve Transfers Agnes Sturma1,2, Laura A. Hruby1,3, Anna Boesendorfer1, Clemens Gstoettner1, Dario Farina2, Oskar C. Aszmann1,4 1Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Medical University of Vienna, 2Bioengineering Department, Imperial College London, 3Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 4Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna This work presents a protocol to enhance prosthetic function after selective nerve transfer surgery. Rehabilitation interventions include patient information and selection, support of wound healing, cortical re-activation of sensory-motor areas of the upper limb, training of selective muscle activation, prosthetic handling in daily life, and regular follow-up assessments. Developmental Biology Rapid Isolation of Single Cells from Mouse and Human Teeth Jan Krivanek1, Josef Lavicky1, Thibault Bouderlique2, Igor Adameyko2,3 1Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 2Department of Molecular Neuroimmunology, Centre for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 3Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute The current protocol presents a fast, efficient, and gentle method for isolating single cells suitable for single-cell RNA-seq analysis from a continuously growing mouse incisor, mouse molar, and human teeth. Cancer Research A Data Integration Workflow to Identify Drug Combinations Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Maximilian Marhold1, Andreas Heinzel2, Almas Merchant1, Paul Perco3, Michael Krainer1 1Department of Internal Medicine I - Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 2Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Vienna, 3Department of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University Innsbruck Large genetic screens in model organisms have led to the identification of negative genetic interactions. Here, we describe a data integration workflow using data from genetic screens in model organisms to delineate drug combinations targeting synthetic lethal interactions in cancer. Biology Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy of Calcium Dynamics in Acute Mouse Pancreatic Tissue Slices Andraž Stožer1, Jurij Dolenšek1,2, Lidija Križančić Bombek1, Viljem Pohorec1, Marjan Slak Rupnik1,3, Maša Skelin Klemen1 1Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, 3Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna We present the preparation of acute pancreatic tissue slices and their use in confocal laser scanning microscopy to study calcium dynamics simultaneously in a large number of live cells, over long time periods, and with high spatiotemporal resolution. Medicine The Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Ganesh Gajanan1, Emmanouil S. Brilakis2, Jolanta M. Siller-Matula3,4,5, Ronald L. Zolty1, Poonam Velagapudi1 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 2Minneapolis Heart Institute, 3Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 4Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, 5Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna We describe the steps for the percutaneous implantation of the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), a mechanical circulatory support device. It acts by counterpulsation, inflating at the onset of diastole, augmenting diastolic aortic pressure and improving coronary blood flow and systemic perfusion, and deflating before systole, reducing left ventricular afterload. Engineering Evaluating Usability Aspects of a Mixed Reality Solution for Immersive Analytics in Industry 4.0 Scenarios Burkhard Hoppenstedt1, Thomas Probst2, Manfred Reichert1, Winfried Schlee3, Klaus Kammerer1, Myra Spiliopoulou4, Johannes Schobel1, Michael Winter1, Anna Felnhofer5, Oswald D. Kothgassner6, Rüdiger Pryss7 1Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, 2Department for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, 3Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 4Faculty of Computer Science, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 5Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, 7Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg This protocol delineates the technical setting of a developed mixed reality application that is used for immersive analytics. Based on this, measures are presented, which were used in a study to gain insights into usability aspects of the developed technical solution. Medicine Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy Thomas Reiberger1,2, Philipp Schwabl1,2, Michael Trauner1,2, Markus Peck-Radosavljevic2,3, Mattias Mandorfer1,2 1Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 2Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Medical University of Vienna, 3Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology (IMuG), Klinikum Klagenfurt am Woerthersee Here, we present a protocol for measurement of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG),the gold standard to diagnose clinically significant portal hypertension. Moreover, we describe how to perform a transjugular liver biopsy within the same session. Medicine Semi-Minimal Invasive Method to Induce Myocardial Infarction in Rats and the Assessment of Cardiac Function by an Isolated Working Heart System Patrick M. Pilz1, Miriam Lang1, Ouafa Hamza1, Petra L. Szabo1, Milat Inci1, Anne M. Kramer1, Michael Koch2, Johann Huber3, Bruno K. Podesser1, Attila Kiss1 1Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 2Concept & Ideation, Electrical Sector/EMEA/Power Distribution Division, Eaton Industries (Austria) GmbH, 3Vetfarm and Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, Clinic for Ruminants, Vetmeduni Vienna This article presents an efficient method to perform myocardial ischemia and subsequent chronic reperfusion in rats using a minimally invasive approach. In addition, left ventricular hemodynamic function of rats is assessed by echocardiography and isolated working heart methods. Biochemistry An Electrochemiluminescence-Based Assay for MeCP2 Protein Variants Hannes Steinkellner1, Alexander V. Beribisky1, Philip Mausberg1, John Christodoulou2, Barbara Scheiber-Mojdehkar3, Anna Huber1, Victoria Sarne1, Franco Laccone1 1Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna (MUV), 2Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, 3Department of Medical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical University of Vienna The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) is a novel approach for quantitative detection of endogenous and exogenously applied MeCP2 protein variants, which produces highly quantitative, accurate and reproducible measurements with low intra- and inter-assay error over a wide working range. Here, the protocol for the MeCP2-ECLIA in a 96-well format is described. Medicine Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm Fiona I. Jäger*1, Kirsten Platho-Elwischger*2, Gerald Wiest1 1Department of Neurology, Medical University Vienna, Austria, 2Karl Landsteiner Institute for Clinical Epilepsy Research and Cognitive Neurology, Vienna, Austria The perception of gravity is commonly determined by the subjective visual vertical in the head upright position. The additional assessment at head tilts of ± 15° and ± 30° in the roll plane ensures increased information content for the detection of impaired graviceptive perception. Neuroscience Surface Electromyographic Biofeedback as a Rehabilitation Tool for Patients with Global Brachial Plexus Injury Receiving Bionic Reconstruction Laura A. Hruby1,2, Agnes Sturma1,3, Oskar C. Aszmann1,4 1Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Medical University of Vienna, 2Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 3Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, 4Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna Optimal functional outcomes after bionic reconstruction in patients with global brachial plexus injury depend on a structured rehabilitation protocol. Surface electromyographic guided training may improve the amplitude, separation and consistency of EMG signals, which - after elective amputation of a functionless hand - control and drive a prosthetic hand. Medicine Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers Agnes Sturma1,2,3, Laura A. Hruby1,4, Dario Farina2, Oskar C. Aszmann1,5 1Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Medical University of Vienna, 2Bioengineering Department, Imperial College London, 3Master's Degree Program Health Assisting Engineering, University of Applied Sciences FH Campus Wien, 4Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 5Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna Here, we present a protocol for the motor rehabilitation of patients with severe nerve injuries and selective nerve transfer surgery. It aims at restoring the motor function proposing several stages in patient education, early-stage therapy after surgery and interventions for rehabilitation after successful re-innervation of the nerve’s target. Biochemistry Enrichment of Native Lipoprotein Particles with microRNA and Subsequent Determination of Their Absolute/Relative microRNA Content and Their Cellular Transfer Rate Markus Axmann1, Andreas Karner2, Sabine M. Meier1, Herbert Stangl1, Birgit Plochberger2 1Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical University Vienna, 2School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria Here, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction-based protocol is presented for the determination of the native micro-RNA content (absolute/relative) of lipoprotein particles. In addition, a method for increasing the micro-RNA level, as well as a method for determining the cellular uptake rate of lipoprotein particles, is demonstrated. Genetics Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting Ana Korosec*1, Sophie Frech*1, Beate M. Lichtenberger1 1Skin, Endothelium Research Division, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna This manuscript describes a FACS-based protocol for isolation of papillary and reticular fibroblasts from human skin. It circumvents in vitro culture which was inevitable with the commonly used isolation protocol via explant cultures. The emanating fibroblast subsets are functionally distinct and display differential gene expression and localization within the dermis. Chemistry Technical Aspect of the Automated Synthesis and Real-Time Kinetic Evaluation of [11C]SNAP-7941 Chrysoula Vraka1, Verena Pichler1, Sarah Pfaff1, Theresa Balber1,2, Marcus Hacker1, Markus Mitterhauser1,3, Wolfgang Wadsak1,4, Cecile Philippe1 1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 2Department for Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 3Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 4CBmed GmbH - Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine Here, we represent a protocol for the fully automated radiolabelling of [11C]SNAP-7941 and the analysis of the real-time kinetics of this PET-tracer on P-gp expressing and non-expressing cells. Cancer Research Orthotopic Transplantation of Syngeneic Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Study PD-L1 Expression Herwig P. Moll1, Julian Mohrherr2, Kristina Breitenecker2, Marcel Haber2, Viktor Voronin2, Emilio Casanova1,2 1Department of Physiology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, 2Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research (LBI-CR) Here we describe a minimally invasive syngeneic orthotopic transplantation model of mouse lung adenocarcinoma cells as a time- and cost-reducing model to study non-small cell lung cancer. Bioengineering Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration Carina Kampleitner1, Jessika Obi2, Nicola Vassilev2, Michelle M. Epstein2, Oskar Hoffmann1 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, 2Laboratory of Experimental Allergy, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna The number of novel biomaterials engineered for repairing large bone lesions is continuously expanding with the aim to enhance bone healing and overcome the complications associated with bone transplantation. Here, we present a multidisciplinary strategy for pre-clinical biocompatibility testing of biomaterials for bone repair. Medicine Invasive Hemodynamic Characterization of the Portal-hypertensive Syndrome in Cirrhotic Rats Philipp Königshofer1,2, Ksenia Brusilovskaya1,2, Philipp Schwabl1,2, Bruno K. Podesser3, Michael Trauner1, Thomas Reiberger1,2 1Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 3Center of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Here we describe a detailed protocol for invasive measurements of hemodynamic parameters including portal pressure, splanchnic blood flow, and systemic hemodynamics in order to characterize the portal hypertensive syndrome in rats. Medicine Cochlear Implantation in the Guinea Pig Clemens Honeder*1, Navid Ahmadi*1, Anne-Margarethe Kramer2, Chengjing Zhu1, Nodir Saidov1, Christoph Arnoldner1 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 2Department of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna The goal of this protocol is to provide an animal model of cochlear implantation, which can be used to address a multitude of research questions. Potential applications include the evaluation of pharmaceutical interventions or electrical stimulation for beneficial effects on hearing thresholds or electrode impedances. Medicine Contractility Measurements of Human Uterine Smooth Muscle to Aid Drug Development Sarah Arrowsmith*1, Peter Keov2, Markus Muttenthaler3,4, Christian W. Gruber*2,5 1Harris-Wellbeing Preterm Birth Research Centre, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, 2School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, 3Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, 4Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, 5Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna This article describes experimental protocols to study ex vivo contractions of human myometrium and their application in drug discovery. This technique is used to improve the understanding of myometrial physiology and pathophysiology as well as to validate pharmacological data from novel research probes or drug leads. Medicine Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) Csörsz Nagy1, Elisa Einwallner1 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna The current article describes the generation and metabolic characterization of high-fat diet-fed mice as a model of diet-induced insulin resistance and obesity. It further features detailed protocols to perform the oral glucose tolerance test and the insulin tolerance test, monitoring whole-body alterations of glucose metabolism in vivo. Behavior The Other End of the Leash: An Experimental Test to Analyze How Owners Interact with Their Pet Dogs Giulia Cimarelli1,2,3, Borbála Turcsán1,4, Friederike Range1,2, Zsófia Virányi1,2 1Comparative Cognition, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, 2Wolf Science Center, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, 3Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, 4Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences This article presents eight different experimental tasks, mirroring the everyday life of dogs and owners, used to analyze how owners interact with their dogs in a standardized way. The tasks included both positive (e.g. play) and negative (potentially stressful) situations (e.g. physical restriction). Developmental Biology High-resolution Episcopic Microscopy (HREM) - Simple and Robust Protocols for Processing and Visualizing Organic Materials Stefan H. Geyer1, Barbara Maurer-Gesek1, Lukas F. Reissig1, Wolfgang J. Weninger1 1Division of Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology & MIC, Medical University of Vienna We provide simple and robust protocols for processing biopsy material of various species, embryos of biomedical model organisms and samples of other organic tissues in order to permit digital volume data generation with the high-resolution episcopic microscopy method. Cancer Research A Unified Methodological Framework for Vestibular Schwannoma Research Lukas D. Landegger*1,2,3, Jessica E. Sagers*1,4, Sonam Dilwali1,4, Takeshi Fujita1,2, Mehmet I. Sahin1,2, Konstantina M. Stankovic1,2,4 1Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 2Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, 3Department of Otolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 4Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School The goal of this protocol is to outline the collection and processing of human surgical samples for multiple downstream applications in vestibular schwannoma and Schwann cell research. Medicine Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research Lukas D. Landegger1,2,3, Sonam Dilwali1,4, Konstantina M. Stankovic1,2,4 1Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 2Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, 3Department of Otolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 4Harvard Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology The goal of this protocol is to demonstrate the preparation, culture, treatment, and immunostaining of neonatal murine cochlear explants. The technique can be utilized as an in vitro screening tool in hearing research. Biology A Rapid Automated Protocol for Muscle Fiber Population Analysis in Rat Muscle Cross Sections Using Myosin Heavy Chain Immunohistochemistry Konstantin D. Bergmeister1,3, Marion Gröger2, Martin Aman1, Anna Willensdorfer1, Krisztina Manzano-Szalai1, Stefan Salminger1, Oskar C. Aszmann1 1CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 2Core Facility Imaging, Core Facilities, Medical University Vienna, 3Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg Here, we present a protocol for rapid muscle fiber analyses, which allows improved staining quality, and thereby automatic acquisition and quantification of fiber populations using the freely available software ImageJ. Neuroscience Immunohistochemical Analysis in the Rat Central Nervous System and Peripheral Lymph Node Tissue Sections Milena Z. Adzemovic1,2, Manuel Zeitelhofer1,3, Marianne Leisser2, Ulricke Köck2, Angela Kury2, Tomas Olsson1 1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 2Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 3Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vascular Biology Unit, Karolinska Institutet We here present an optimized, detailed protocol for double immunostaining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded rat central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral lymph node (LN) tissue sections. Behavior A Structured Rehabilitation Protocol for Improved Multifunctional Prosthetic Control: A Case Study Aidan Dominic Roche1,2, Ivan Vujaklija3,4, Sebastian Amsüss3,4, Agnes Sturma1,5, Peter Göbel6, Dario Farina3,4, Oskar C. Aszmann1,2 1Christian Doppler Laboratory for Restoration of Extremity Function, 2Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 3Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology Göttingen, 4University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, 5University of Applied Sciences FH Campus Wien, 6Research & Development, Otto Bock Healthcare Products GmbH As prosthetic development moves towards the goal of natural control, harnessing amputees’ inherent ability to learn new motor skills may enable proficiency. This manuscript describes a structured rehabilitation protocol, which includes imitation, repetition, and reinforcement learning strategies, for improved multifunctional prosthetic control. Bioengineering Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy on Planar Supported Bilayers Markus Axmann1, Gerhard J. Schütz1, Johannes B. Huppa2 1Institute of Applied Physics - Biophysics, Vienna University of Technology, 2Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Immune Recognition Unit, Medical University of Vienna Preparation of protein-functionalized planar glass-supported lipid bilayers, determination of protein mobility within and measurement of protein densities is shown here. A roadmap to building a noise-reduced Total Internal Reflection microscope is outlined, which allows visualizing single bilayer-resident fluorochromes with high spatiotemporal resolution. Bioengineering Measuring TCR-pMHC Binding In Situ using a FRET-based Microscopy Assay Markus Axmann1, Gerhard J. Schütz1, Johannes B. Huppa2 1Institute for Applied Physics - Biophysics, Vienna University of Technology, 2Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University of Vienna This manuscript describes how to conduct (single molecule) Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)- based assays to measure the binding dynamics between T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) and antigenic peptide-loaded MHC molecules as they occur within the immunological synapse of a T-cell in contact with a functionalized planar supported lipid bilayer. Medicine Microsurgical Venous Pouch Arterial-Bifurcation Aneurysms in the Rabbit Model: Technical Aspects Camillo Sherif*1,2,3, Javier Fandino*2,4, Salome Erhardt2,4, Antonio di Ieva5, Monika Killer6, Guenther Kleinpeter1, Serge Marbacher2,4 1Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Rudolfstiftung, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, 3Cerebrovascular Research Group, Department of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 4Cerebrovascular Research Group, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Berne, 5Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Systematic Anatomy, Medical University of Vienna, 6Department of Neurology, Paracelsus University Salzburg An optimized technique for the microsurgical creation of arterial bifurcation aneurysms mimicking bifurcation human cerebral aneurysms is described. A venous pouch is sutured into an artificially created true bifurcation of both common carotid arteries. Facilitated microsurgical techniques and aggressive postoperative anticoagulation and analgesia lead to minimized morbidity rates and high aneurysm patency rates.