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Chapter 1

General Pharmacological Principles

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Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for …
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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific …
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During the development of a new pharmaceutical, the manufacturer initially assigns a code name to the drug. Once approved, the drug receives a United …
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Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. …
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Drugs can be classified according to their chemical composition or their intended therapeutic application. For instance, anti-infective agents that …
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Drug-receptor bonds are formed through various chemical forces when drugs interact with target cells. Covalent bonds, strong and irreversible, are …
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Drug-receptor interaction describes the binding of receptors by drugs, but not all drug-receptor interactions result in activation and tissue response. …
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Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent …
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Medications can be administered through the enteral route using liquids, capsules, or tablets. Enteral administration involves drug administration via the …
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The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability …
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When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily …
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Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. …
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Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical. Enteral administration refers …
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Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including …
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Being able to safely and effectively restrain mice and rats is an important part of conducting research. Working confidently and humanely with mice and …
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Limited evidence exists to precisely estimate efficacy and safety differences between parenteral nutrition (PN) prepared using olive-oil-based …
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Natural products provide structurally different substances, with a myriad of biological activities. However, the identification and isolation of active …