Porcine Model of Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Alexander H. Shannon; J. Michael Cullen; Jolian J. Dahl; Erik J. Scott; Zachary Tyerman; Michael  D. Spinosa; William G. Montgomery; W. Forrest Johnston; Guanyi Lu; Morgan Salmon; Gorav Ailawadi; Gilbert  R. Upchurch Jr.

doi:10.3791/60169

Modelo porcino del aneurisma aórtico abdominal infrarrenal

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JoVE Journal Medicine

Porcine Model of Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Modelo porcino del aneurisma aórtico abdominal infrarrenal

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11:13 min

November 21, 2019

DOI: 10.3791/60169-v

Alexander H. Shannon¹, J. Michael Cullen¹, Jolian J. Dahl¹, Erik J. Scott¹, Zachary Tyerman¹, Michael D. Spinosa¹, William G. Montgomery¹, W. Forrest Johnston², Guanyi Lu³, Morgan Salmon*¹, Gorav Ailawadi*^1,4, Gilbert R. Upchurch Jr.*³

¹Department of Surgery,University of Virginia School of Medicine, ²Department of Surgery,Ochsner Medical Center, ³Department of Surgery,University of Florida, ⁴The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center,University of Virginia School of Medicine

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Overview

This study presents a novel model for creating robust infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms in swine. The model utilizes a combination of balloon angioplasty, elastase/collagenase perfusion, topical elastase application, and oral administration of β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) to interfere with collagen cross-linking.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

Neuroscience
Vascular biology
Animal models

Background

Large animal models are essential for studying abdominal aortic aneurysms.
These models help assess the viability of new technologies and treatments.
The combination of elastase and BAPN leads to significant aneurysmal changes.
Chronic aneurysmal disease sequelae include thrombi, dissections, and ruptures.

Purpose of Study

To develop a reliable model for studying abdominal aortic aneurysms.
To evaluate the effects of BAPN on aneurysm formation.
To facilitate research on potential treatments for human diseases.

Methods Used

Non-castrated male swine were fed a diet supplemented with BAPN.
The BAPN was administered in a weight-based dose mixed with yogurt.
Surgical procedures were performed under appropriate sedation.
Instruments were organized on a sterile draped table for the procedure.

Main Results

The model successfully created large abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Aneurysms exhibited characteristics of chronic disease.
Thrombi, dissections, and ruptures were observed in the aneurysms.
The methodology provides a platform for further research.

Conclusions

This model is a valuable tool for studying abdominal aortic aneurysms.
It allows for the evaluation of new therapeutic strategies.
Future studies can build on this methodology to advance vascular research.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the significance of using swine in this study?

Swine are large animal models that closely mimic human vascular anatomy and disease progression, making them ideal for studying abdominal aortic aneurysms.

How does BAPN affect collagen cross-linking?

BAPN interferes with the formation of collagen cross-links, which is crucial for maintaining vascular integrity and can lead to aneurysm formation.

What are the potential applications of this model?

This model can be used to test new treatments and technologies aimed at preventing or treating abdominal aortic aneurysms in humans.

What are the main challenges in creating animal models for vascular diseases?

Challenges include ensuring the model accurately replicates human disease and managing ethical considerations related to animal research.

What outcomes are measured in this study?

Outcomes include the size of the aneurysms, presence of thrombi, dissections, and overall vascular health post-procedure.

How long does the model remain viable for study?

The model remains viable for study as long as the aneurysms are monitored and the animals are cared for properly, typically several weeks post-surgery.

Este novedoso modelo crea aneurismas aórticos infrarrojos robustos en cerdos utilizando una combinación de angioplastia con balón, perfusión por elastasa/colagenasa, aplicación tópica de elastasa y administración oral de compuestos-aminopropionitrilo, que interfiere con la reticulación de colágeno.

Existen pocos modelos animales grandes para estudiar los aneurismas de la aorta abdominal, pero estos modelos son fundamentales para evaluar la viabilidad de nuevas tecnologías y tratamientos para enfermedades humanas. La combinación de la elastasa y un compuesto llamado BAPN crea aneurismas que son grandes y contienen secuelas de enfermedad aneurisma crónica, como trombos, disecciónes y rupturas. Demostrando el procedimiento conmigo serán los doctores Jolian Dahl y Erik Scott, compañeros residentes quirúrgicos.

Siete días antes de la cirugía, proporcionar 20 a 30 kilogramos de cerdos macho no castrados con comida estándar complementado con BAPN dado en dosis a base de peso y mezclado en yogur natural de leche entera. El día del procedimiento, confirme un nivel adecuado de sedación y cubra al cerdo de la manera estándar. Asegúrese de que todos los instrumentos necesarios estén organizados y listos en una mesa cubierta estéril.

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