Chapter 1
Liaison covalente et structure
Chapter 1
Covalent Bonding and Structure
Organic chemistry is the study of compounds of carbon called organic compounds. Organic compounds either originate from living organisms or are …
An atom comprises protons and neutrons, which are contained inside the dense, central core called the nucleus, with electrons present around the …
Electron configurations and orbital diagrams can be determined by applying the Aufbau principle (each added electron occupies the subshell of lowest …
Atoms participate in a chemical bond formation to acquire a completed valence-shell electron configuration similar to that of the noble gas nearest …
Covalent bonds are formed between two atoms when both have similar tendencies to attract electrons to themselves (i.e., when both atoms have identical or …
Lewis symbols can be used to indicate the formation of covalent bonds, which are shown in Lewis structures—drawings that describe the bonding in …
Valence shell electron-pair repulsion theory (VSEPR theory) enables us to predict the molecular structure around a central atom from an examination of the …
The VSEPR theory can be used to determine the electron pair geometries and molecular structures as follows:
Write the Lewis structure of the molecule or …
According to the theory of resonance, if two or more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms can be written for a molecule, ion, or radical, …
According to valence bond theory, a covalent bond results when: (1) an orbital on one atom overlaps an orbital on a second atom, and (2) the single …
The molecular orbital theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in a manner similar to the distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals. …
Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that exist between molecules. They dictate several bulk properties, such as melting points, boiling points, …
Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the …
Functional groups are group of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and sometimes denoted as “R”. …
Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. …
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a growth factor embedded in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue. BMP-2 acts as trigger of mesenchymal cell …
The chemical bonding of particulate photocatalysts to supporting material surfaces is of great importance in engineering more efficient and practical …
Self-assembling peptides (SAPs) are promising vehicles for the delivery of hydrophobic therapeutics for clinical applications; their amphipathic …