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Chapter 11

Cardiovascular Drugs: Anticoagulants and Antianginal Agents

Chapter 11

Cardiovascular Drugs: Anticoagulants and Antianginal Agents

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, …
Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K …
Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors
Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood …
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents
Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. …
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview
Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from …
Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers
In cardiovascular health, antianginal drugs combat angina pectoris — a condition marked by chest pain owing to diminished blood flow to the heart. …
Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine
Angina pectoris, a primary symptom of ischemic heart disease, requires careful pharmacological interventions. In this context, calcium channel blockers …
Rapid Point-of-Care Assay of Enoxaparin Anticoagulant Efficacy in Whole Blood
There is the need for a clinical assay to determine the extent to which a patient’s blood is effectively anticoagulated by the …
Experimental and Imaging Techniques for Examining Fibrin Clot Structures in Normal and Diseased States
Fibrin is an extracellular matrix protein that is responsible for maintaining the structural integrity of blood clots. Much research has been done on …
Acetylcholine Re-Challenge After Intracoronary Nitroglycerine Administration
Coronary artery spasm (CAS) can be diagnosed in a large proportion of patients with recurrent angina with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (ANOCA) …