Disorders of the Esophagus

Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a chronic condition in which stomach contents, including acidic gastric juices or bile, frequently flow back …

GERD manifests with the following symptoms: Heartburn, or pyrosis, is an intermittent burning sensation that occurs from the sternum to the throat due to …

Esophageal perforation occurs when the esophageal wall is compromised, allowing food, fluids, and digestive juices to escape into the chest cavity or …

The clinical manifestations of esophageal perforations depend on the injury's location and severity. Patients with cervical esophageal perforations …

Barrett's esophagus is characterized by severe damage to the mucosal lining due to persistent exposure to stomach acid or other digestive fluids. The …

Barrett's esophagus is asymptomatic, but patients may experience symptoms associated with GERD, like heartburn and regurgitation. Other symptoms …

Esophageal strictures refer to the abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophageal lumen, ranging from a mild constriction to a complete obstruction. …

Esophageal stricture symptoms include difficulty swallowing, starting with solids and progressing to liquids. Additional symptoms include chest pain, …

Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or …

Esophageal varices lead to gastrointestinal bleeding, manifesting with symptoms like hematemesis, hematochezia, and melena. Additional signs include …