Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing 1 article published in JoVE Bioengineering 3D Printing of In Vitro Hydrogel Microcarriers by Alternating Viscous-Inertial Force Jetting Tiankun Liu*1,2, Yongchun Shao*1,2, Zitong Wang1,2, Yuqiu Chen1,2, Yuan Pang1,2, Ding Weng1,2, Wei Sun1,2,3 1Biomanufacturing Center, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 2Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Drexel University Presented here is a mild 3D printing technique driven by alternating viscous-inertial forces to enable the construction of hydrogel microcarriers. Homemade nozzles offer flexibility, allowing easy replacement for different materials and diameters. Cell binding microcarriers with a diameter of 50-500 µm can be obtained and collected for further culturing.