Osaka Medical College 2 articles published in JoVE Bioengineering Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation on Two- and Three-dimensional Type I Collagen Substrates Hitomi Fujisaki1, Sugiko Futaki2, Kazunori Mizuno1, Shunji Hattori1 1Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, 2Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka Medical College Here, we present a protocol for the preparation of two different forms of culture substrates utilizing type I collagen. Depending on how collagen is handled, collagen molecules either maintain two-dimensional, non-fibrous form or reassemble into three-dimensional, fibril form. Cell proliferation on type I collagen is drastically affected by fibril formation. Immunology and Infection Measuring Dengue Virus RNA in the Culture Supernatant of Infected Cells by Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Youichi Suzuki1, Mami Kotoura1, Shun Yashima1, Hong Wu1, Takashi Nakano1, Kouichi Sano1 1Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Osaka Medical College Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis combined with reverse transcription (RT-qPCR) has been widely used to measure the level of RNA virus infections. Here we present a direct RT-qPCR assay, which does not require an RNA purification step, developed for the quantification of several RNA viruses, including dengue virus.