Institute of Environmental Engineering 1 article published in JoVE Bioengineering Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior Francesco Carrara1, Douglas R. Brumley2, Andrew M. Hein3, Yutaka Yawata4,5, M. Mehdi Salek1, Kang Soo Lee1, Elzbieta Sliwerska1, Simon A. Levin6, Roman Stocker1 1Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, 2School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, 3Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, 4Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 5Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, 6Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University A protocol for the generation of dynamic chemical landscapes by photolysis within microfluidic and millifluidic setups is presented. This methodology is suitable to study diverse biological processes, including the motile behavior, nutrient uptake, or adaptation to chemicals of microorganisms, both at the single cell and population level.