University of Paris-Saclay 8 articles published in JoVE Neuroscience Postural Organization of Gait Initiation for Biomechanical Analysis Using Force Platform Recordings Arnaud Simonet1,2,3, Arnaud Delafontaine2,3,4, Paul Fourcade2,3, Eric Yiou2,3 1LADAPT Loiret, Centre de Soins de Suite et de Réadaptation, 2CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, 3 This paper describes the material and method developed to investigate the postural organization of gait initiation. The method is based on force platform recordings and on the direct principle of mechanics to compute center of gravity and center of pressure kinematics. Neuroscience In Utero Electroporation of Multiaddressable Genome-Integrating Color (MAGIC) Markers to Individualize Cortical Mouse Astrocytes Laura Dumas*1, Solène Clavreul*2, Jason Durand1, Edwin Hernandez-Garzon3, Lamiae Abdeladim4, Raphaëlle Barry-Martinet2, Alicia Caballero-Megido1, Emmanuel Beaurepaire4, Gilles Bonvento3, Jean Livet2, Karine Loulier1 1Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, 2Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 3Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 4Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, IP Paris Astrocytes tile the cerebral cortex uniformly, making the analysis of their complex morphology challenging at the cellular level. The protocol provided here uses multicolor labeling based on in utero electroporation to single out cortical astrocytes and analyze their volume and morphology with a user-friendly image analysis pipeline. Bioengineering Generation and Quantitative Characterization of Functional and Polarized Biliary Epithelial Cysts Latifa Bouzhir*1, Emilie Gontran*1, Lorena Loarca1, Mauricette Collado-Hilly1, Pascale Dupuis-Williams1,2 1Physiopathogénèse et traitement des maladies du foie, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1193, 2ESPCI Paris, Université PSL Three-dimensional (3D) cellular systems are relevant models for investigating organogenesis. A hydrogel-based method for biliary cysts production and their characterization is proposed. This protocol unravels the barriers of 3D characterization, with a straightforward and reliable method to assess cyst formation efficiency, sizes, and to test their functionality. Cancer Research A 3D Spheroid Model for Glioblastoma Joris Guyon1,2, Laetitia Andrique1,2, Nadège Pujol1,2, Gro Vatne Røsland3,4, Gaelle Recher1,5,6, Andreas Bikfalvi1,2, Thomas Daubon1,2,4 1University Bordeaux, LAMC, 2INSERM U1029, University Bordeaux, 3Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 4CNRS, IBGC UMR5095, 5LP2N, CNRS UMR 5298, IOA, 6Institut d'Optique Graduate School, IOA Here, we describe an easy-to-use invasion assay for glioblastoma. This assay is suitable for glioblastoma stem-like cells. A Fiji macro for easy quantification of invasion, migration, and proliferation is also described. Genetics Improving Small RNA-seq: Less Bias and Better Detection of 2'-O-Methyl RNAs Erwin L. van Dijk1, Evangelia Eleftheriou1, Claude Thermes1 1Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, UMR9198, CNRS CEA Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay We present a detailed small RNA library reparation protocol with less bias than standard methods and an increased sensitivity for 2'-O-methyl RNAs. This protocol can be followed using homemade reagents to save cost or using kits for convenience. Immunology and Infection Identification of Virulence Markers of Mycobacterium abscessus for Intracellular Replication in Phagocytes Violaine Dubois*1, Laura Laencina*1, Anouchka Bories1, Vincent Le Moigne1, Alexandre Pawlik2, Jean-Louis Herrmann1, Fabienne Girard-Misguich1 12I, UVSQ, INSERM UMR1173, Université Paris-Saclay, 2Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pathogénomique Mycobactérienne Here, we present two protocols to study Phagocyte-Mycobacterium abscessus interactions: the screening of a transposon mutant library for bacterial intracellular deficiency and the determination of bacterial intracellular transcriptome from RNA sequencing. Both approaches provide insight into the genomic advantages and transcriptomic adaptations enhancing intracellular bacteria fitness. Engineering Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures Diogo Castro Vaz1, Edouard Lesne1,2, Anke Sander1, Hiroshi Naganuma1,3, Eric Jacquet1, Jacobo Santamaria1,4, Agnès Barthélémy1, Manuel Bibes1 1Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, 2Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, 3Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University, 4Instituto de Magnetismo Aplicado, Universidad Complutense de Madrid We fabricate metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures using a combination of pulsed laser deposition and in situ magnetron sputtering. Through magnetotransport and in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments, we investigate the interplay between electrostatic and chemical phenomena of the quasi two-dimensional electron gas formed in this system. Environment Dispersion of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media: Towards Protocol Optimization Inder Kaur1, Laura-Jayne Ellis1, Isabella Romer1, Ratna Tantra2, Marie Carriere3,4, Soline Allard5, Martine Mayne-L'Hermite5, Caterina Minelli6, Wolfgang Unger7, Annegret Potthoff8, Steffi Rades7, Eugenia Valsami-Jones1 1School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, 2Analytical Science, National Physical Laboratory, 3INAC-LCIB, Université Grenoble Alpes, 4CEA, INAC-SyMMES, 5NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 6Chemical, Medical and Environmental Science, National Physical Laboratory, 7BAM Division 6.1 'Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry', BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, 8Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems Here, we present a step-wise protocol for the dispersion of nanomaterials in aqueous media with real-time characterization to identify the optimal sonication conditions, intensity, and duration for improved stability and uniformity of nanoparticle dispersions without impacting the sample integrity.
