FOM-Institute DIFFER 1 article published in JoVE Chemistry Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry Dirk van den Bekerom1, Niek den Harder1, Teofil Minea1, Nicola Gatti1,2, Jose Palomares Linares1, Waldo Bongers1, Richard van de Sanden1,3, Gerard van Rooij1,3 1Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 2University of Trento, 3Eindhoven University of Technology This article describes a flowing microwave reactor that is used to drive efficient non-equilibrium chemistry for the application of conversion/activation of stable molecules such as CO2, N2 and CH4. The goal of the procedure described here is to measure the in situ gas temperature and gas conversion.