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Chapter 5

相対的地位の尺度

Chapter 5

Measures of Relative Standing

Review and Preview
In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, …
Introduction to z Scores
A z score (or standardized value) is measured in units of the standard deviation. It tells you how many standard deviations the value x is above (to the …
z Scores and Unusual Values
The z score is one of the three measures of relative standing. It describes the location of a value in a dataset relative to the mean. z scores are …
Percentile
A percentile indicates the relative standing of a data value when data are sorted into numerical order from smallest to largest. It represents the …
Quartile
Quartiles are numbers that separate the data into quarters. Quartiles may or may not be part of the data. To find the quartiles, first, find the median or …
5-Number Summary
In a dataset, the 5-number summary includes the minimum data value, the data value of the first quartile, the median data value or data value of the …
Boxplot
Box plots (also called box-and-whisker plots or box-whisker plots) give an excellent graphical image of the concentration of the data. They also show how …
What Are Outliers?
Outliers are observed data points that are far from the least squares line. They have unusual values and need to be examined carefully. Though an outlier …
Modified Boxplots
A standard box and whisker plot informs us about the spread of the data in a given sample. One can identify the minimum value, maximum value, first …
LC-MS Analysis of Human Platelets as a Platform for Studying Mitochondrial Metabolism
Perturbed mitochondrial metabolism has received renewed interest as playing a causative role in a range of diseases. Probing alterations to metabolic …
Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers
Anesthesia arguably provides one of the only systematic ways to study the neural correlates of global consciousness/unconsciousness. However to date most …
A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
Limited evidence exists to precisely estimate efficacy and safety differences between parenteral nutrition (PN) prepared using olive-oil-based …