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Chapter 22

Diagrams and Signal Flow Graphs

Chapter 22

Diagrams and Signal Flow Graphs

Elements of Block Diagrams
A block diagram illustrates input-output relationships in a system. An example is a heating system where the desired temperature triggers the furnace to …
Relation between Mathematical Equations and Block Diagrams
Consider the second-order differential equation of a spring-mass-damper system. The system is transformed into the Laplace domain under zero initial …
Block Diagram Reduction
The control system's transfer function is derived by reducing its block diagram to one block. Shifting a branch point or a comparator within the …
Multi-input and Multi-variable systems
Cruise control in cars, a multi-input system, adjusts to the driver's speed preference and compensates for uphill disturbances. The block diagram for …
Mason's Rule
Mason's rule simplifies transfer function calculation from signal-flow graphs, assessing various elements. Loop gain is calculated by tracing a path …
Signal Flow Graphs
Signal-flow graphs serve as an alternative to block diagrams to represent control systems. They consist of branches, symbolizing systems, and nodes, …
SFG Algebra
In Signal Flow Graph algebra, the value of a variable a node represents equals the sum of all the signals entering the node. This value is then …
Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
When a laser is mode-locked, it emits a train of ultra-short pulses at a repetition rate determined by the laser cavity length. This article outlines a …
Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
The transmission of multiple independent optical signals through a multimode fiber is accomplished using wavefront shaping in order to compensate for the …
An Experimental Protocol for Assessing the Performance of New Ultrasound Probes Based on CMUT Technology in Application to Brain Imaging
The possibility to perform an early and repeatable assessment of imaging performance is fundamental in the design and development process of new …