JoVE Neuroscience is a multidisciplinary section devoted to investigations of the structure, function, physiology, and pathophysiology of the brain and nervous system. Included methodologies range from molecular and cellular level studies to full central and peripheral neural systems. Potential treatment platforms and surgical techniques for neurological diseases and disorders are also presented in this section.

Neuroscience

JoVE Medicine serves as a connection between basic research and clinical applications. Articles may present medical procedures, case studies or clinical trial methodologies. Included studies are often modeled towards predictive, preventative, personalized, and practical approaches to treatment of disease. The goal of research methodologies in this section is to improve overall patient care and prognosis.

Medicine

JoVE Immunology and Infection includes content from a variety of fields working toward a shared initiative of improving global health. Techniques evaluating the biological response to pathogens from the molecular to organismal level are presented as well as therapeutic agents and their efficacy in treating disease.

Immunology and Infection

JoVE Genetics publishes video articles demonstrating experimental approaches to investigate gene function and regulation. This includes methods to study gene expression, mutagenesis, epigenetics, genetic determinants of development, genetic disorders, population genetics and evolution.

Genetics

JoVE Environment is dedicated to research methodologies that address environmental concerns and seek to better understand Earth's ecosystem.  Special consideration is given to experimental methodologies that assess society’s impact on the environment, suggest solutions for protecting Earth’s resources, and develop sustainable fuel sources. Moving towards an environmentally conscious planet is a collaborative effort with contributions from both life and physical scientists.

Environment

JoVE Engineering encompasses a broad range of experimental and instrumental techniques utilized in physics research. Investigations in this area strive to address and answer a broad range of scientific questions, such as device mechanisms and efficiencies, using physical tools. This approach often requires a combination of specialties, and research in this area tends to be interdisciplinary with contributions from mechanical, electrical, and chemical engineers.

Engineering

JoVE Developmental Biology publishes research methodologies in the field of developmental biology. This includes methods that are used to study biological development in vitro and in vivo at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ and whole organism levels.

Developmental Biology

JoVE Chemistry surveys a broad scope of chemical disciplines. This collection includes fundamental and applied research that investigates molecular interactions, properties, and structure spanning in the following core divisions: analytical, organic, organometallic, inorganic, bioinorganic, and biochemistry. This section also includes the design and preparation of materials and small molecules for advanced or unique applications.

Chemistry

JoVE Cancer Research illustrates experimental approaches in biomedical research and clinical practice aimed at understanding, detecting, treating and preventing cancer. The video articles in this section demonstrate methods to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cancer, animal models of cancer research, development of new therapies and diagnostics, tumor imaging, chemical and radiation treatments, surgical procedures and improvements in therapy. These video articles offer researchers and clinical practitioners an efficient way to learn the technologies and experimental methods in cancer research.

Cancer Research

JoVE Biology welcomes all general biology research methodologies. Content in this section canvases all fields of cell, molecular, and organismal biology, ranging from new applications of standard techniques to novel approaches aimed at understanding the functions of life and living organisms. This diverse section includes, but is not limited to, techniques in physical biology, cellular biochemistry, genetics, physiology, systems biology and a combination of eukaryotic and prokaryotic model systems.

Biology

JoVE Bioengineering merges both physical and life sciences to understand and predict biological processes. Applying physical science tools to life science questions allow for the discovery of better technologies to measure, diagnose, and clinically treat disease.

Bioengineering

JoVE Biochemistry publishes experiments that investigate the structure, function, and interactions of biological molecules. The video articles in this section demonstrate methods to study nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids as well as enzyme function, protein folding, molecular interactions and biochemical reactions.

Biochemistry

JoVE Behavior documents observational and experimental techniques that seek to understand human and animal behavior. Work in this field includes analysis of genetic causes and physiological responses to internal or external stimuli as well as the implicated brain regions.

Behavior

To study CD8 T cell differentiation and function in vitro, CD8 T cells can be isolated from the mouse to be co-cultured long-term with preformed infected murine vaginal epithelial organoids. Here, we describe this process and assess the acquisition of resident memory T cell markers upon co-culture.

In Vitro Resident Memory CD8 T Cell Differentiation Using Epithelial Organoid-T Cell Co-culture System

The TCID50 assay reported here leverages label-free real-time impedance measurements and the system's Virology module to objectively monitor virus-induced cytopathic effects (CPE) in real time. This streamlined assay significantly reduces hands-on time while supporting high-throughput, quantitative kinetic CPE measurements and enabling automated, real-time TCID50 calculations.

A Streamlined, Label-Free Real-Time 50% Tissue Culture Infectious Dose (TCID50) Assay using Impedance for Automated Viral Titer Quantification

This protocol describes a method to ubiquitinate Streptococcus pneumoniae using mammalian cell lysate or pure ubiquitin enzyme complex, followed by treatment with purified VCP/p97-UFD1-NPLOC4 protein complex to assess its bacteriolytic activity, enabling the study of ubiquitin-dependent immune effectors.

In-vitro Reconstitution of Bacterial Ubiquitination and VCP/p97-mediated Elimination

This protocol describes the preparation of human placental tissue explants cultured at an air-liquid interface for the study of viral infections.

Ex vivo Culture of Human Placental Explants for the Study of Viral Transmission Across the Maternal-Fetal Interface

This protocol describes a survival procedure for safe and well-tolerated murine bilateral renal lymphadenectomy.

Murine Bilateral Renal Lymphadenectomy

This protocol presents a flow cytometry-based method to isolate viable alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII) from neonatal, juvenile, or adult murine lungs (infected or non-infected). This approach enables downstream molecular and/or functional studies of AECII to identify their roles during lung inflammation and infection.

Isolation of Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells from Neonatal, Juvenile, and Adult Murine Lungs Adaptable to Infectious Experimental Settings

Here, two distinct surgical injection models are described for inducing inflammatory stimuli in the initial segment (interstitial injection) and cauda epididymidis (intravasal injection) of mice. These methods enable studies of the region-specific responses in the different regions of the epididymis.

Mouse Models of Epididymitis Induced by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns

In vivo imaging of the joints is a valuable technique for uncovering the migratory behavior of leukocytes and molecular dynamics within the inflamed joints. Here, we present a detailed protocol for in vivo imaging of the joints using a murine model of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).

In Vivo Imaging Uncovers the Migratory Behavior of Leukocytes within the Joints

Low-density neutrophils (LDN) increase significantly in several diseases. LDN are usually isolated through cell sorting. We present a practical method to obtain pure and viable LDN. After density-gradient centrifugation of peripheral blood, cells are incubated with magnetic microbeads, and then LDN are separated through magnetic columns.

Rapid Magnetic-microbead Method for Efficient Purification of Low-density Neutrophils

Multiplex fluorescence immunoassays are becoming a reference for serology testing. Their application, however, is limited by the complexity and time-consuming bead-analyte coupling processes. This report presents a semi-automated, reproducible multiplex microsphere bead coupling protocol that is comparable to the standard method while considerably reducing time to results.

Journal - Immunology and Infection