{"id":4184,"date":"2025-03-24T04:21:06","date_gmt":"2025-03-24T04:21:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schools.jove.com\/?p=4184"},"modified":"2026-05-15T03:36:00","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T03:36:00","slug":"exploring-thermochemistry-enthalpy-change-experiments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/schools.jove.com\/exploring-thermochemistry-enthalpy-change-experiments\/","title":{"rendered":"Exploring Thermochemistry and Measuring Enthalpy Changes"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4184\" class=\"elementor elementor-4184\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef3dc91 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ef3dc91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-081d7dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"081d7dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"> Exploring Thermochemistry and Measuring Enthalpy Changes\n<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7090152 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7090152\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44ee0c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44ee0c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><b>Introduction: Why Does Hand Warmer Gel Heat Up Instantly?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During a winter field trip, a student activated a hand warmer by snapping the metal disk inside. Within seconds, the pouch heated up, surprising the class.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cHow does that tiny disc make the whole pack warm?\u201d one student asked.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The answer lies in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education-library\/724\/thermochemistry\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">thermochemistry<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2014 the study of heat energy changes during chemical reactions. In this case, the hand warmer triggered an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education\/v\/11428\/effects-of-temperature-on-free-energy\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">exothermic reaction<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, releasing heat as a result of molecular changes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the Royal Society of Chemistry (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsc.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RSC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), integrating visual demonstrations and interactive learning tools significantly improves students&#8217; understanding of complex thermochemistry concepts like enthalpy change and heat energy transfer. Using resources such as <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/science-video\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JoVE\u2019s educational videos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can help <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/solutions\/high-school\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">high school<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> students visualize energy changes, improving comprehension and retention.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this blog, we\u2019ll explore key thermochemistry concepts, explain enthalpy changes, and provide a hands-on classroom experiment to bring these ideas to life.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df603ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"df603ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dead711 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dead711\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is Thermochemistry?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a61d4f1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a61d4f1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe5a523 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe5a523\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thermochemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies the relationship between chemical reactions and energy changes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In every chemical reaction:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2705 Exothermic reactions release heat energy (e.g., combustion, hand warmers)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2705 Endothermic reactions absorb heat energy (e.g., photosynthesis, cooking food)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Understanding thermochemistry helps <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/solutions\/high-school\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">high school<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> students explain everyday phenomena \u2014 from why ice melts to how rocket fuel powers spacecraft.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education-library\/724\/thermochemistry\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> JoVE\u2019s Thermochemistry Video<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, students can watch visual demonstrations of energy flow during chemical reactions, reinforcing key concepts.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aceac43 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"aceac43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7eaef1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f7eaef1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Understanding Enthalpy Changes\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d0391d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8d0391d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46b6e8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"46b6e8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education\/v\/11293\/enthalpy-of-reaction-from-enthalpy-of-formation-and-hess-s-law\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enthalpy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (\u0394H) represents the heat energy change in a system at constant pressure. It determines whether a reaction is exothermic or endothermic.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Exothermic Reactions<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Release heat to the surroundings<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The surroundings get warmer<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Example: Combustion, hand warmers, and neutralization reactions<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0394H is negative for exothermic reactions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Endothermic Reactions<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Absorb heat from the surroundings<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The surroundings feel cooler<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Example: Melting ice, boiling water, and photosynthesis<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0394H is positive for endothermic reactions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education\/v\/11293\/enthalpy-of-reaction-from-enthalpy-of-formation-and-hess-s-law\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JoVE\u2019s enthalpy change demonstration<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, students can visualize how heat transfers during reactions, reinforcing the difference between exothermic and endothermic processes.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16f0803 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"16f0803\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d2d50a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0d2d50a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Common Misconceptions About Thermochemistry\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-677c910 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"677c910\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c10b569 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c10b569\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Students often struggle with thermochemistry concepts. Some common misconceptions include:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u274c Thinking that exothermic reactions always feel hot \u2014 in reality, heat released may dissipate gradually.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u274c Assuming that bond breaking releases energy \u2014 breaking bonds requires energy, while forming bonds releases energy.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u274c Believing that enthalpy change equals temperature change \u2014 temperature measures heat intensity, while enthalpy represents total heat energy change.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60a1a98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60a1a98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hands-On Classroom Activity: Measuring Enthalpy Change with a Simple Experiment\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50dc160 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"50dc160\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dba21f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dba21f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This experiment helps students calculate the enthalpy change during a neutralization reaction.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Materials:<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution (1M)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution (1M)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Polystyrene cup (as a calorimeter)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thermometer<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Measuring cylinder<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Steps:<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prepare the Solutions: Measure 50 mL of HCl and 50 mL of NaOH using a measuring cylinder.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record the Starting Temperature: Pour the HCl into the polystyrene cup and record its temperature.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mix and Measure: Add the NaOH solution to the acid. Stir gently and measure the highest temperature reached.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calculate Enthalpy Change: Use the formula:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">q=mc\u0394Tq = mc\\Delta Tq=mc\u0394T<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>q<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> = heat energy change (in joules)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>m<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> = mass of the solution (in grams)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>c<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> = specific heat capacity of water (4.18 J\/g\u00b0C)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0394T<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> = temperature change (in \u00b0C)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Determine Enthalpy Change:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0394H=\u2212qn\\Delta H = -\\frac{q}{n}\u0394H=\u2212nq\u200b<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0394H = enthalpy change per mole<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">q = heat energy change (from step 4)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n = number of moles of the limiting reactant<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education\/11289\/constant-pressure-calorimeter-coffee-cup-calorimeter?playlist=6710402\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> JoVE\u2019s calorimetry experiment video<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, students can watch step-by-step instructions to reinforce the heat energy calculation process.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e308475 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e308475\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d91503 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d91503\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Real-World Applications of Thermochemistry\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ddf6f2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9ddf6f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a59266b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a59266b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thermochemistry concepts are essential in various real-world applications:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u2705 <\/span><b>Cooking:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Understanding heat absorption helps improve cooking techniques.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2705 <\/span><b>Energy Production:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Power plants rely on exothermic combustion reactions to generate energy.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2705 <\/span><b>Medical Science:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Hand warmers and cold packs use exothermic and endothermic reactions to manage body temperature.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/education\/chemistry\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JoVE\u2019s <\/span><b>real-world chemistry<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> videos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, students can see how these concepts apply to practical situations.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fde6f19 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fde6f19\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c814d45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c814d45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion: Making Thermochemistry Engaging with JoVE Videos<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8aa59f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f8aa59f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e1dcc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e1dcc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education-library\/724\/thermochemistry\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thermochemistry<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can feel challenging for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/solutions\/high-school\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">high school<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> students, but with clear visual demonstrations and interactive activities, these concepts become easier to grasp.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By combining<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/science-video\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> JoVE\u2019s engaging videos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with hands-on experiments like the enthalpy change experiment, educators can improve student understanding and make learning memorable.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Next Steps:<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Explore JoVE\u2019s thermochemistry videos to simplify energy change concepts<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Try the enthalpy change experiment to reinforce student understanding<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encourage students to identify exothermic and endothermic reactions in their daily lives<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the right resources, students can master thermochemistry \u2014 understanding not just how reactions happen, but why they feel hot, cold, or even explosive!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Curious to see how <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/standards\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JoVE\u2019s standards aligned interactive science videos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can simplify complex chemistry concepts for your students?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/highschool\/request-trial\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlock full access to JoVE\u2019s library for free. Book a demo with us today<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and engage your students with powerful visual learning tools!<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Exploring Thermochemistry and Measuring Enthalpy Changes Introduction: Why Does Hand Warmer Gel Heat Up Instantly? During a winter field trip, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4185,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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