{"id":4520,"date":"2025-06-17T11:54:54","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T11:54:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schools.jove.com\/?p=4520"},"modified":"2026-05-15T02:46:11","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T02:46:11","slug":"mendels-experiment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/schools.jove.com\/mendels-experiment\/","title":{"rendered":"How Mendel\u2019s Experiments with Pea Plants Shaped Modern Genetics"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4520\" class=\"elementor elementor-4520\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef3dc91 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ef3dc91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-081d7dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"081d7dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How Mendel\u2019s Experiments with Pea Plants Shaped Modern Genetics\n<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7090152 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7090152\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44ee0c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44ee0c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education\/v\/19645\/mendel-s-experiment\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mendel\u2019s experiment <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">revealed that traits are inherited in predictable patterns \u2014 laying the foundation for modern genetics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before Gregor Mendel, inheritance was a mystery. After him, we had ratios, rules, and reliable predictions. And even though he worked with peas, his findings shaped how we understand everything from eye color to genetic diseases today.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e308475 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e308475\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d91503 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d91503\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gregor Mendel\u2019s Pea Plant Experiment: The Origin of Genetics\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8aa59f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f8aa59f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e1dcc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e1dcc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education\/v\/19645\/mendel-s-experiment\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gregor Mendel\u2019s pea plant experiment<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> began in the 1850s when he observed how traits were passed from one generation to the next in garden peas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He studied seven different traits, including:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flower color (purple vs. white)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seed shape (round vs. wrinkled)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pod color and position<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are the traits Mendel studied because they showed up in clear, contrasting forms \u2014 perfect for identifying patterns.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\ud83c\udfa5 Use <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/science-video\/concept-video\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JoVE\u2019S concept videos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to show how Mendel cross-pollinated pea plants and tracked outcomes over generations. Students grasp the \u201cwhy\u201d behind his methods when they can see them visually.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cff0c4e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cff0c4e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9673be1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9673be1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What Did Mendel Discover About Inheritance?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f94ac6e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f94ac6e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc6cc85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bc6cc85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, what did Mendel discover about inheritance that was so revolutionary?<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Traits are controlled by \u201cfactors\u201d (now called genes)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One factor can mask another (dominant vs. recessive)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These factors are passed down independently<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Predictable ratios appear in offspring (like 3:1)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mendel\u2019s work laid the foundation for Mendelian genetics for students, including the idea that dominant and recessive genes determine visible traits.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee70e7c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ee70e7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e597c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3e597c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How Did Mendel\u2019s Pea Plant Experiment Influence Genetics?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3de4456 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3de4456\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94061c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"94061c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>How did Mendel\u2019s pea plant experiment influence genetics?<\/b><b><br \/><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His work was the first to show that traits are inherited in units \u2014 not blended, as scientists once thought. Though his work was overlooked at first, it became the cornerstone of classical genetics in the 20th century.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today, we still use his ideas in:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Predicting disease inheritance<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Understanding agricultural traits<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Genetic counseling and bioengineering<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Students will appreciate that a monk with a pea garden laid the groundwork for genetic testing, cloning, and CRISPR.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a8fb89 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4a8fb89\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28f2f9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"28f2f9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How to Teach Mendelian Genetics with Punnett Squares\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f9d1ab e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5f9d1ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29d3b0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29d3b0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here\u2019s how to teach Mendelian genetics with Punnett squares in a way that\u2019s both hands-on and visual:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduce a trait \u2014 like plant height (T = tall, t = short)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cross TT (tall) with tt (short)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use a Punnett square to predict F1 and F2 generations<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discuss genotype (TT, Tt, tt) vs. phenotype (tall, short)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\ud83c\udfa5 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/science-video\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JoVE videos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> animate these crosses and let students visualize gene combinations in real time \u2014 perfect for reinforcing vocabulary and math skills.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8203760 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8203760\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4ce115 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a4ce115\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dominant and Recessive Traits Middle School Activity\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d199c3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8d199c3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17af355 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17af355\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Try this engaging, hands-on dominant and recessive traits<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/solutions\/middle-school\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> middle school<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> activity to bring Mendel\u2019s work to life \u2014 right in your classroom.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>\ud83e\uddec Activity: Trait Inventory in the Classroom<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><b>Objective:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Help students identify dominant and recessive traits in themselves and their peers, reinforcing the concept of heredity through real-world data collection and analysis.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Step 1: Create a Trait Checklist<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prepare a list of simple, observable traits that have dominant and recessive gene associations. Include traits like:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tongue rolling ability (dominant)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Earlobe attachment (free = dominant, attached = recessive)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Widow\u2019s peak (dominant)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hitchhiker\u2019s thumb (recessive)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mid-digit hair (dominant)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Print the checklist or project it for students to record their answers individually.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Step 2: Survey and Collect Class Data<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Have each student observe and mark their own traits on the checklist. Then, compile the class data on the board or using a shared digital spreadsheet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encourage discussion:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cHow many students can roll their tongue?\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cHow common is the widow\u2019s peak in our class?\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Step 3: Graph the Results<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Create a bar graph or pie chart showing the distribution of dominant vs. recessive traits in the class. This visual makes patterns easier to spot and discuss.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ask guiding questions:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWhy do we see more dominant traits?\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cCan two parents with a dominant trait have a child with a recessive one?\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Step 4: Discuss Genetics in Action<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use the results to introduce the concept of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education\/v\/19646\/genotype-and-phenotype\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">genotype vs. phenotype<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and explain how some students with dominant traits might still carry a recessive allele.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa5853a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fa5853a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1e9910 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e1e9910\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion: Making Mendel Relevant for Today\u2019s Learners\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66fe423 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"66fe423\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cfe3ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cfe3ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/science-education\/v\/19645\/mendel-s-experiment\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mendel\u2019s experiment<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> may have started with peas, but its impact continues across all of biology. His simple idea \u2014 that traits follow rules \u2014 is still used by geneticists, doctors, and farmers alike.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/schools\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JoVE\u2019s <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">visual tools make it easier than ever to explain these timeless ideas to a new generation of students.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\ud83c\udf93 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/share.hsforms.com\/1FyaUdqz3T3yuF-IuUZXDfwc2eur\"><b>Book a Free Demo<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to access JoVE\u2019s full genetics video library, including Mendelian inheritance, Punnett squares, and traits exploration \u2014 designed for NGSS-aligned middle school instruction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bring JoVE to your classroom starting <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as low as<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> $2 per student.*<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Explore <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/20267955.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net\/hubfs\/20267955\/K12%20Schools\/K12%20Funding%20Resources%20Flyer_2025.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">funding resources <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0to learn how your school can start using JoVE\u2019s complete STEM video library today.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">*Pricing based on 1,500 students.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How Mendel\u2019s Experiments with Pea Plants Shaped Modern Genetics Mendel\u2019s experiment revealed that traits are inherited in predictable patterns \u2014 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4521,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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