Chapter 1
Introduction: Matter and Measurement
In science, a law is defined as a concise, verbal or mathematical, statement that summarizes a vast number of experimental observations. It…
Chemistry is an empirical science. Scientists often pose questions to understand the chemistry in everyday life and seek answers to these questions.…
Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air,…
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures.
A pure substance is…
The characteristics that enable us to distinguish one substance from another are called properties.
A physical property is a characteristic of…
The universe is composed of matter in different forms, and all forms of matter contain energy. The different forms of energy on Earth originate…
Every measurement provides three kinds of information: the size or magnitude of the measurement (a number), a standard of comparison for the…
The International System of Units or SI system, by international agreement, has fixed measurement units for seven fundamental properties: length,…
Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the…
Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process.…
All the digits in a measurement, including the uncertain last digit, are called significant figures or significant digits. Note that zero may be a…
Dimensional analysis, also known as the factor label method, is a versatile approach for mathematical operations. The main principle behind this…
Design and Use of a Full Flow Sampling System (FFS) for the Quantification of Methane Emissions
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The use of natural gas continues to grow with increased discovery and production of unconventional shale resources. At the same time, the natural gas…
Agricultural ammonia (NH3) emissions (90% of total EU emissions) are responsible for about 45% airborne eutrophication, 31% soil acidification and…
The purification of organic compounds is an essential component of routine synthetic operations. The ability to remove contaminants into an aqueous…
