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Chapter 9

Chapter 9

Hypothesis Testing

What is a Hypothesis?
A hypothesis can be a simple sentence or statement about a property or any phenomenon observed or predicted for a population. It is usually a claim about …
Null and Alternative Hypotheses
The actual hypothesis testing begins by considering two hypotheses. They are termed  the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. These …
Critical Region, Critical Values and Significance Level
The critical region, critical value, and significance level are interdependent concepts crucial in hypothesis testing. In hypothesis testing, a sample …
P-value
P-value is one of the most crucial concepts in statistics. P-value stands for the probability value.  P-value is the probability that, if the null …
Types of Hypothesis Testing
There are three types of hypothesis tests: right-tailed, left-tailed, and two-tailed. When the null and alternative hypotheses are stated, it is observed …
Decision Making: P-value Method
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it. First, a …
Decision Making: Traditional Method
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using …
Errors In Hypothesis Tests
When performing a hypothesis test, there are four possible outcomes depending on the actual truth (or falseness) of the null hypothesis and the decision …
Testing a Claim about Population Proportion
A complete procedure for testing a claim about a population proportion is provided here. There are two methods of testing a claim about a population …
Testing a Claim about Mean: Known Population SD
A complete procedure of testing the hypothesis about a population mean is explained here. Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be …
Testing a Claim about Standard Deviation
A complete procedure to test a claim about population standard deviation or population variance is explained here. The hypothesis testing for the claim of …
Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?
The outcome of any hypothesis testing leads to rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. This decision is taken based on the analysis of the data, …
Testing a Claim about Mean: Unknown Population SD
A complete procedure of testing a hypothesis about a population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown is explained here. Estimating a …
LC-MS Analysis of Human Platelets as a Platform for Studying Mitochondrial Metabolism
Perturbed mitochondrial metabolism has received renewed interest as playing a causative role in a range of diseases. Probing alterations to metabolic …
Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers
Anesthesia arguably provides one of the only systematic ways to study the neural correlates of global consciousness/unconsciousness. However to date most …
A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
Limited evidence exists to precisely estimate efficacy and safety differences between parenteral nutrition (PN) prepared using olive-oil-based …