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Chapter 11

Correlation and Regression

Correlation
In statistics, two variables are said to be correlated if the values of one variable are associated with the other variable. Depending on the relationship …
Coefficient of Correlation
The correlation coefficient, r, developed by Karl Pearson in the early 1900s, is numerical and provides a measure of strength and direction of the linear …
Calculating and Interpreting the Linear Correlation Coefficient
The correlation coefficient, r, developed by Karl Pearson in the early 1900s, is numerical and provides a measure of strength and direction of the linear …
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical tool that describes a mathematical relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. …
Outliers and Influential Points
An outlier is an observation of data that does not fit the rest of the data. It is sometimes called an extreme value. When you graph an outlier, it will …
Residuals and Least-Squares Property
The vertical distance between the actual value of y and the estimated value of y. In other words, it measures the vertical distance between the actual …
Residual Plots
A residual plot is a statistical representation of data used to analyze correlation and regression results. It helps verify the requirements for drawing …
Variation
An important characteristic of any set of data is the variation in the data. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in …
Prediction Intervals
The interval estimate of any variable is known as the prediction interval. It helps decide if a point estimate is dependable. However, the point estimate …
Multiple Regression
Multiple regression assesses a linear relationship between one response or dependent variable and two or more independent variables. It has many practical …
LC-MS Analysis of Human Platelets as a Platform for Studying Mitochondrial Metabolism
Perturbed mitochondrial metabolism has received renewed interest as playing a causative role in a range of diseases. Probing alterations to metabolic …
Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers
Anesthesia arguably provides one of the only systematic ways to study the neural correlates of global consciousness/unconsciousness. However to date most …
A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
Limited evidence exists to precisely estimate efficacy and safety differences between parenteral nutrition (PN) prepared using olive-oil-based …