Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow

A barium swallow is a diagnostic medical imaging procedure that uses barium sulfate to visualize and examine the upper GI tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

It identifies esophageal motility disorders, stricture, perforation, neoplasm, and hiatal hernia.

Patient preparation includes an eight-hour NPO status and prohibiting smoking after midnight to prevent increased gastric secretions.

Before the procedure, explain the process, including duration, barium sulfate mixture consumption, and the various radiographic positions. Also, instruct the patient to remove metal items such as jewelry and dentures from the radiograph field.

During the procedure, the patient consumes a barium liquid that appears bright white on X-rays.

Fluoroscopy is employed to observe the real-time movement of barium through the GI tract, and multiple X-rays are captured to gather comprehensive information.

Post-procedure instructions include drinking plenty of fluids, unless contraindicated, to eliminate the barium.

Provide cathartics as prescribed. Inform the patient that stools will be chalky and light-colored for 24-72 hours.