Medicine
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中央静脉狭窄病的Murine模型,使用具有流出狭窄病的动脉静脉瘘管病
Chapters
Summary July 11th, 2019
Please note that all translations are automatically generated.
Click here for the English version.
主动脉瘘瘘是通过两面壁将马氏肾主动脉刺穿到劣质的vena卡瓦中,然后通过劣质vena卡瓦的部分结扎在流出中产生狭窄。这种可重现的模型可用于研究中央静脉狭窄。
Transcript
中央静脉狭窄可引起主动脉瘤,或AVF,成熟的主要失败,以及后来在工作管病的失败。此技术使用已建立的 murine AVF 模型的修改版本,该模型可重述人类 AVF 的临床过程,并通过几个关键步骤轻松掌握。在开始手术之前,确认在9至11周大的C57-Black/6小鼠中对手趾捏没有反应,并将鼠标放在手术区域的上位。
将软膏涂抹在动物的眼睛上,将皮毛从颈部的腹侧取出至下腹部。然后用三个连续的10%的波维酮碘和70%的异丙醇磨砂对手术场所进行清洁和消毒,并在动物上放置手术窗帘。对于夹紧和穿刺部位暴露,将鼠标置于解剖显微镜下,并使用无菌技术和手术刀,从下肝边缘到上方进行皮肤深、中线、腹部切口。
用剪刀切开肌肉打开腹腔,并将缩回器插入腹部。将肠子移动到右侧,用盐水浸泡的纱布包裹。将膀胱和显性囊泡移动到动物的骨侧,并使用微需要支架解剖直肠和直肠之间的肠胃,以确保大动脉和劣质的维纳卡瓦,或 IVC 的完整视图。
然后使用微针架从横向和背部的逆白体组织解剖下肾大动脉和 IVC en 组,将组织交叉夹紧在一起,并解剖周围组织,在大约四分之三的距离处从左肾静脉到大动脉分叉暴露大动脉穿刺位点。对于 IVC 的隔离,在红外 IVC 和大动脉之间解剖,立即向左肾静脉进行解剖,将解剖分散到左肾静脉和大动脉分叉之间的一半,用于术后 IVC 观察。制作一个窗口,将 IVC 与大动脉分离,并解剖 IVC 与周围组织。
然后小心地放置一个 8 - 0在通过窗口拉缝合线之前,在 IVC 和大母线下方的聚酰胺单丝缝合线仅将缝合线放在 IVC 下方的位置。要创建 AVF,请先将 25 量针弯曲到 45 到 60 度角,从针尖到针尖 4 毫米,然后用显微手术夹住下神经大母和 IVC。抓住分叉周围的结缔组织,以医疗方式和骨面旋转大母,将大母骨的穿刺位点稍微伸向腹侧,并使用 25 量针将大阳高刺入 IVC。
当组织被刺穿时,释放大母,从大母骨左侧拉起,用周围组织覆盖穿刺位点。然后取出针头,然后用棉线棉签轻轻按压穿刺点,以进行血小球。对于 IVC 狭窄创建,将 22 量静脉导管的尖端纵向放置到 IVC 上,然后用 8-0 将导管粘附到 IVC缝合。
放置缝合线后,取出导管并确认原位性异位,然后松开主干和 IVC。将穿刺位点再盖住一分钟,以确保血肿,然后将器官返回到腹腔,然后用6-0缝合关闭腹部。然后将鼠标放入热支持装置上的单个无床上用品笼中,并监控直至完全恢复,并使用多普勒超声波确认膀子的触度。
在手术后的第七天,在纵向视图中很容易检测到 IVC 的管病和狭窄区域。在没有 AVF 的狭窄小鼠中,狭窄部分表现出静脉波形,其光谱比假操作的小鼠更宽,但没有太多的脉动性。在患有AVF和狭窄症的小鼠中,狭窄部分显示除光谱扩大外,脉动波形,而患有狭窄性AVF的小鼠在狭窄性手术中流动的时间平均最大速度明显高于单是患有狭窄症的小鼠。
单单是狭窄小鼠的狭窄平均IVC直径与患有IVF和狭窄小鼠的均值IVC直径相似。此外,以上游或下游段为参考,除狭窄外,在患有 AVF 的小鼠中,狭窄百分比显著更大。当您将 IV 导管和 IVC 合二为一时,将它们紧密地绑起来以形成可重复的狭窄非常重要。
本程序在静脉移植植入模型中的应用,可以回答如何克服静脉移植狭窄闭塞的问题。
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