Chemistry
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利格宁和单宁的定量 31P NMR 分析
Chapters
Summary August 2nd, 2021
Please note that all translations are automatically generated.
Click here for the English version.
31P NMR 是多酚结构阐明的强大工具。这种快速、简单、精确、定量和高度可重复的分析过程,允许对木质素和单宁中不同类型的羟基、酚类和碳化物组进行量化和区分,现已成为一种常规分析工具。
Transcript
定量磷NMR是过去三十年中木质素和单宁分析化学中最重要的突破之一。该技术为样品中的各种羟基组提供快速、可靠和定量的信息。这些NMR方法在理解木质素和单宁的结构方面具有巨大的价值。
它还适用于具有反应羟基组的各种其他系统。首先在40摄氏度的真空烤箱中干燥过夜,预先处理100毫克木质素或单宁样品。干燥后,将样品迅速转移到无水的硫酸钙干燥器中,直到达到室温。
要为 NMR 光谱准备样品,在装有搅拌棒的两毫升小瓶中准确称重约 30 毫克样品。接下来,在样品瓶中加入500微升新制备溶剂溶液,并盖上盖子封住小瓶。使用微管,在样品瓶中加入 100 微升内部标准溶液,然后以每分钟 500 次旋转磁性搅拌产生的分散。
当样品完全溶解时,将 100 微升四甲基二氧磷磷或 TMDP 转移到样品溶液中,同时在发动机罩下工作,密封样品溶液,然后放置样品进行剧烈磁性搅拌。此时,指示的反应发生在木质素和单宁样本上。使用巴斯德移液器,将样品溶液转移到 NMR 管中进行分析。
如果在样品中观察到黄色沉淀物,则通过确保避免所有可能的水分污染来重复此过程。将样品管加载到配备宽带探头的 NMR 仪器中,并设置实验参数。使用除臭氯仿的共振频率,设置光谱仪中的频率。
在开始采集之前,先对样品进行微调,然后再对光谱仪进行调整。通过执行傅立更转换,开始处理 P31 NMR 光谱学的原始数据。通过扩展处理选项卡和选择相校正和手动校正,按手动相校正调整阶段。
单击处理和选择基线和多点基线校正后,通过仔细设置零点手动更正基线。对于信号校准,请打开分析选项卡,将磷酸化水的信号设置为百万分之 132.2 的化学移位值,然后在参考选项卡中选择参考。对于信号集成,在分析菜单中打开积分。
要使集成正常化,请单击峰值将内部标准设置为 1.0,以选择编辑积分并在规范化选项卡中输入值 1.00,然后根据手稿中报告的化学变化执行频谱集成。使用方程计算内部标准(IS)的摩尔浓度,并利用计算值估计每克样品的特定信号的等量。使用300兆赫和700兆赫NMR光谱仪记录了用TMDP衍生的软木工艺木质素中各种羟基组的光谱定量。
在 NMR 光谱中,由于 TMD 的内部标准和羟基化,分别在 144 和 132 PPM 检测到尖锐和强峰值。羟基组的不同信号在木质素的所有定量P31 NMR光谱中都很明显。在使用 TMDP 衍生的单宁样品的定量 P31 NMR 频谱中,可以清楚地看到来自不同药理 OH 皮罗加洛和儿茶酚单位的特征信号。
使用300兆赫的NMR光谱仪记录了氧化前和氧化后的NMR光谱之间的比较,显示羟基组峰的强度降低。关键步骤是与要使用的样品的干燥和重量以及 NMR 处理参数相关。最重要的是,分阶段获得光谱。
当这种方法与二维NMR和凝胶渗透色谱相结合时,可能会出现非常详细的天然多酚图,提供前所未有的结构信息和新的见解。
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