Name: protecting oceans for sustainable development
Uploaded: 2019-08-01T08:06:34.000Z
Duration: 1 min 43 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

north-carolina-k-12-science-standard-course-of-study

North Carolina K-12 Science Standard Course of Study

9-12

Biology

ecosystems-interactions-energy-and-dynamics

Ecosystems- Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

LS.Bio.5.2

Sustainable Development

تُعرّف التنمية المستدامية أنها ممارسة قائمة على تلبية الحاجات الحالية للبشر مع ضمان حصول الأجيال القادمة على الموارد التي تحتاجها. تتداخل ثلاثة مناحي للتنمية،ألا وهي الاجتماعية الاقتصادية والبيئية،ضمن هذا المفهوم. فمن المنظور الإحيائي،تتطلب التنمية المستدامة إجراء البحوث لفهم القضايا البيئية وأخذ إجراءات حامية للحفاظ على التنوع الأحيائي والموارد الطبيعية.فدراسة آلية تفاعل الكائنات الحية مع بعضها بعضاًومع البيئة وآلية تأثير النشاطات البشرية على الأنظمة البيئية يمكن أن توجه الجهود للحفاظ على معايير الحياة وتحسينها للبشر مع حماية الحياةالبرية وحماية التنوع الأحيائي على السواء. تشكل متطلبات الطاقة للدول الصناعية تحدياًبيئياًكبيراًفي التنمية المستدامة. إذا ما يزال يُعتمد على أنواع الوقود الأحفوري اعتماداًكبيراًإلا إنها موارداًستنضب.إضافةًلهذا،يطلق حرق أنواع الوقود هذه ثاني أكسيد الكربون في الجو ما يؤدي إلى تبدل المناخ. إن استخدام موارد الطاقة المتجددة بدل الوقود الأحفوري،كاستخدام طاقة الريح أو الطاقة الشمسية،يقدم مثالاًعملياًللتنمية المستدامة. التربة والمياه أيضاًمواردٌمحدودة لذلك فالتنمية المستدامة في الزراعة أمرٌحيوي لإنتاج طعام يكفي الناس في الحاضر والمستقبل.أحد الأمثلة عن ممارسة تنمية زراعية مستدامة هو مداورة المحاصيل في الحقول. يقلل تناوب المحاصيل فقدان المواد المغذية في التربة مع الزمن ما يمكن حصول نمو محاصيل أكثر جدوى ويقلل من أثر المبيدات الحشرية التي تصيب محاصيل محددة مثل الذرة على امتداد مواسم زراعة متعددة.

فيسبيك ، مارتن. "أبحاث علوم المحيطات هي مفتاح مستقبل مستدام." اتصالات الطبيعة 9 ، العدد 1 (2018): 690. [<a href = "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03158-3" >مصدر</a>]

التنمية المستدامة

مع استمرار نمو السكان واستخدام الموارد ، يجب أن نضع في اعتبارنا الحدود الطبيعية لكوكبنا. توفر التنمية المستدامة طريقاً للحفاظ على حياة الإنسان وتحسينها الآن مع ضمان حصول الأجيال القادمة على الموارد التي تحتاجها. يعتمد النجاح طويل الأمد لجهود الاستدامة على فهم التفاعل بين الإجراءات البشرية والنظم البيئية.

تمثل المحيطات أحد المجالات المهمة التي تركز عليها جهود الحفظ العالمية. الصيد الجائر والتلوث وآثار تغير المناخ ، مثل تحمض المحيطات وارتفاع مستويات سطح البحر ، ليست سوى عدد قليل من الشواغل الرئيسية التي يجب معالجتها من أجل حماية محيطات العالم. بالإضافة إلى توفير كميات هائلة من الطعام للبشر ، تعد المحيطات مصدراً مهماً للأكسجين في الغلاف الجوي وتوفر حوضاً للكربون لغاز ثاني أكسيد الكربون CO2. كما أنها تساعد في تنظيم المناخ والتأثير على أنماط الطقس في جميع أنحاء العالم.

يتمثل أحد مجالات التركيز الرئيسية للتنمية المستدامة في الصيد في المحيطات. تسمح طرق الصيد الحديثة بجمع أعداد كبيرة من الأسماك في وقت واحد ، وهو أمر فعال على المدى القصير ولكنه يتسبب أيضاً في استنفاد تجمعات الأسماك محلياً ، مما قد يكون له تأثيرات عبر شبكة الغذاء المحيطية. تؤدي أساليب الصيد الحالية واسعة النطاق أيضاً إلى نفوق حيوانات أخرى ، مثل الدلافين والطيور البحرية ، التي يتم صيدها في الشباك جنباً إلى جنب مع الأسماك المستهدفة المقصودة. وبالتالي ، تعمل منظمات الحفظ مع صناعة الصيد لتصميم معدات صيد جديدة تمنع الصيد غير المقصود. علاوة على ذلك ، تم سن اللوائح لمنع استنزاف أعداد الأسماك ذات القيمة التجارية. على المدى الطويل ، تكون هذه الجهود مفيدة للأشخاص أيضاً ، الذين يمكنهم الاستمرار في الاعتماد على الأسماك كمصدر للغذاء فقط إذا لم يكونوا مدفوعين إلى الانقراض.

تهدف التنمية المستدامة إلى تحسين حياة البشر ، ولكن لكي تنجح ، يجب أن تتضمن أيضاً إدارة دقيقة للنظم البيئية والكائنات الحية الأخرى التي تشاركنا كوكب الأرض.

مع استمرار نمو السكان واستخدام الموارد ، يجب أن نضع في اعتبارنا الحدود الطبيعية لكوكبنا. التنمية المستدامة توفر ...

Education

JoVE Core

علم الأحياء

Ecology

علم البيئة

Biodiversity and Conservation

التنوع البيولوجي والحفظ

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

المصطلحات والمفاهيم الأساسية

protecting oceans for sustainable development

Sustainable development depends on protecting oceans while meeting human needs. As the human population grows and uses more resources, people must stay aware of the planet’s natural limits. The goal is to improve life now without taking away the resources future generations will need.

Long-term sustainability depends on understanding how human actions affect ecological systems. Oceans are a major part of this balance. They provide food for people, produce much of the atmosphere’s oxygen, and act as a carbon sink, which means they absorb and store carbon dioxide. Oceans also help regulate climate and shape weather patterns around the world.

Ocean conservation faces several major problems. Overfishing can reduce local fish populations and affect the entire ocean food web. Pollution, ocean acidification, and rising sea levels are also serious concerns linked to climate change. These pressures make it harder to protect marine ecosystems and the services they provide.

Fishing is one of the main areas where sustainable development is needed. Modern fishing methods can catch many fish at once, which is efficient in the short term. But these methods can also lead to unwanted catches, including dolphins and sea birds, and can deplete commercially valuable fish populations. Conservation groups and the fishing industry are working on new gear that reduces bycatch, the accidental capture of non-target animals. Regulations also help limit overuse of fish stocks. In the long run, these efforts support both ocean life and people who depend on fish as a food source.

Protecting Oceans for Sustainable Development

protecting-oceans-for-sustainable-development

what is weather?

How Sunlight Shapes Daily Weather

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global climate change

Ancient Clues to Climate Change

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what is biodiversity?

Biodiversity Across Genes, Species, and Ecosystems

Biodiversity is the variety of living things at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. It includes not only how many kinds of organisms exist, but also how they are related and how they interact with the world around them. Species diversity spans the full evolutionary tree. It includes single-celled prokaryotes such as bacteria and archaea, as well as the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants, animals, fungi, and protists. About 1.75 million species have been identified so far, and scientists...

threats to biodiversity

How Humans Change Biodiversity

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conservation of declining populations

Saving Species Through Population Recovery

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biodiversity and human values

Biodiversity in Food, Tools, and Medicine

Biodiversity supports human life through food, tools, medicine, and many other needs. Changes in the variety of species can also change the environment. Those environmental shifts can alter weather patterns and affect human civilizations. People have depended on biodiversity for agriculture since early human history. Agriculture began when ancestral humans found species that were good sources of food. At least 11,000 years ago, people started selecting plant and animal species to raise on...

what is conservation biology?

Protecting Biodiversity in Conservation Biology

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what is climate?

Climate Patterns and Earth’s Energy Balance

Climate describes the usual weather conditions in a place over a long period of time. The idea is simple: climate is what you expect, while weather is what you get. Climate is shaped by geographic factors such as latitude, terrain, and how close an area is to bodies of water. Weather and climate are related, but they work on different time scales. Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place. Climate is the average pattern of weather over much longer periods. Because of...

sustainable development

Sustainable development depends on protecting oceans while meeting human needs. As the human population grows and uses more resources, people must stay aware of the planet’s natural limits. The goal is to improve life now without taking away the resources future generations will need. Long-term sustainability depends on understanding how human actions affect ecological systems. Oceans are a major part of this balance. They provide food for people, produce much of the atmosphere’s oxygen, and...

conservation of small populations

Saving Small Populations with Genetic Diversity

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habitat fragmentation

How Fragmented Habitats Affect Wildlife

Habitat fragmentation breaks one continuous habitat into smaller, separate patches. Human land conversion is a major cause of this change, and slower geological shifts in the physical environment can also fragment habitats. The process usually follows the same stages: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition. Perforation and dissection often begin during land development. Perforation happens when undeveloped land is cleared for something like a home, and dissection...

key terms and concepts

Learn how sustainable development depends on ocean protection, from overfishing and bycatch to climate impacts, fishery rules, and conservation efforts.

Protecting Oceans for Sustainable Development | JoVE K12

JoVE Core series brings biology to life through over 300 concise and easy-to-understand animated video lessons that explain key concepts in biology, plus more than 150 scientist-in-action videos that show actual research experiments conducted in today’s laboratories.

Protecting Oceans for Sustainable Development

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