Name: bolt-to-plate contact pressure
Uploaded: 2025-05-22T09:06:17.000Z
Duration: 1 min 22 s
Channel: JoVE

يسمى الضغط الذي يمارس على مادة ما بسبب ضغط التلامس الناتج أثناء التفاعل مع جسم آخر بالضغط المحمل.
ضع في اعتبارك لوحين متصلين بواسطة مسمار. يطبق البرغي قوة داخلية على إحدى الألواح. هذه القوة الداخلية مكافئة ولكنها معاكسة للقوة التي تمارسها اللوحة مرة أخرى على البرغي.
هنا ، القوة الداخلية ليست مفردة ولكنها نتيجة للعديد من القوى الأصغر التي يتم توزيعها عبر السطح الداخلي لنصف الأسطوانة.
نظرا لتعقيد القوى الأصغر والضغوط المقابلة ، غالبا ما يستخدم متوسط الإجهاد الاسمي ، المعروف باسم إجهاد المحمل للتبسيط.
يتم حساب إجهاد المحمل بقسمة القوة الداخلية على مساحة المستطيل التي تمثل إسقاط البرغي على قسم اللوحة. هذه المنطقة هي نتاج سمك اللوحة وقطر البرغي.
يعد مفهوم تحمل الإجهاد أمرا محوريا في ضمان تصميمات هيكلية آمنة وفعالة ، وبالتالي يعزز عمر الهيكل.

تحمل الإجهاد

Bearing Stress

<div style="direction: rtl;">
يشير إجهاد التحمل إلى ضغط التلامس بين جسمين منفصلين. لتصور ذلك، تخيل مسمارًا يُدفع عبر لوحة. يطبق البرغي قوة على اللوحة، والتي تؤثر بقوة متساوية ولكن معاكسة على البرغي. هذه القوة ليست مجرد كيان فردي ولكنها عبارة عن مجموعة من القوى الأصغر المتعددة الموزعة عبر سطح التلامس بين الترباس واللوحة.

نظرًا لتعقيد هذه القوى الدقيقة، غالبًا ما يستخدم المهندسون القيمة المتوسطة، المعروفة باسم إجهاد التحمل، للتبسيط. يتم تحديد ضغط المحمل عن طريق قسمة الحمل المطبق على الترباس على المساحة المتوقعة للمسمار على اللوحة.

يعد فهم تحمل الضغط جزءًا أساسيًا من الهندسة الإنشائية. إنه يمنح المهندسين فهمًا نقديًا لكيفية تفاعل القوى المختلفة داخل الهيكل. تعتبر هذه المعرفة حاسمة عند تصميم الهياكل لأنها تساعد على ضمان سلامة وكفاءة تصميماتها. من خلال الحساب الدقيق لضغط التحمل، يمكن للمهندسين منع الأعطال المحتملة بسبب القوة المفرطة وإطالة عمر الهيكل. في الختام، تحمل الإجهاد هو مفهوم محوري في الهندسة الإنشائية. إنه عامل رئيسي في تحديد متانة وسلامة الهيكل. 
</div>

يسمى الضغط الذي يمارس على مادة ما بسبب ضغط التلامس الناتج أثناء التفاعل مع جسم آخر بالضغط المحمل.
ضع في اعتبارك لوحين ...

Education

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

الهندسة الميكانيكية

Unit 1

الوحدة الأولى

Concept of Stress

مفهوم الإجهاد

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

المصطلحات والمفاهيم الأساسية

bolt-to-plate contact pressure

Bearing stress is the contact pressure between two separate bodies. A common example is a bolt pushed through a plate. The bolt applies a force to the plate, and the plate pushes back with an equal and opposite force.

That force is not a single point load. It is made up of many smaller forces spread across the contact surface between the bolt and the plate. Because these microforces are complex, engineers use an average value called bearing stress.

Bearing stress is found by dividing the bolt’s applied load by the projected area of the bolt on the plate. This calculation helps engineers understand how forces act inside a structure. It is an important part of structural engineering because it supports safe and efficient design.

By calculating bearing stress correctly, engineers can reduce the risk of failure from too much force. It also helps them improve the lifespan of a structure. Bearing stress is a key factor in judging durability and safety.

Bolt-to-Plate Contact Pressure

normal stress

Normal Stress in Axial Loading

Normal stress acts perpendicular to a material’s cross-sectional area. It appears when a force is applied along the axis of an object, which is called axial loading. Bridge truss members are a practical example of this kind of loading. When a rod carries axial load, internal forces develop across the section. Because these forces act normal to the plane of the section, the stress is called normal stress. Stress here means the average stress over the whole cross-section, not the value at one...

shearing stress

Shear Forces in Bolts and Rivets

Shearing stress is caused by transverse forces acting on an object. These forces create internal forces in the plane where the external forces are applied. The total internal force in that section is called the shear. Average shearing stress is found by dividing the shear by the cross-sectional area. This value is only an average, because shear stress is not spread evenly across the section. It can be zero at the surface and much higher than the average in other areas. Bolts, pins, and rivets...

bearing stress

Bearing stress is the contact pressure between two separate bodies. A common example is a bolt pushed through a plate. The bolt applies a force to the plate, and the plate pushes back with an equal and opposite force. That force is not a single point load. It is made up of many smaller forces spread across the contact surface between the bolt and the plate. Because these microforces are complex, engineers use an average value called bearing stress. Bearing stress is found by dividing the...

applications of stress

Boom and Rod Stress Analysis

Boom and rod stress analysis shows how a pinned support structure carries a load. The boom and the rod are connected by a pin and held in place by brackets and pins. The structure is then separated from its supports so the forces can be studied clearly. A free-body diagram is drawn to identify every force on the boom, the rod, and the load. The reaction forces on both members are found using equilibrium equations. At point P, the reaction causes compression in the boom. At point R, the...

stress on an oblique plane

Axial Load Stress on Inclined Sections

Axial loading creates stress in a material along its central axis. This kind of load can cause compression or elongation, and it produces normal stress. Normal stress acts perpendicular to the material area and can be either tensile or compressive. When the section is not perpendicular to the load, it becomes an oblique plane. On this inclined plane, the stress state includes both normal stress and shearing stress. Shearing stress acts parallel to the area and changes shape without changing...

stress: general loading conditions

Stress Components on a Loaded Body

Stress components on a loaded body can be found by cutting the body through a point with a plane parallel to the xy plane. That section carries the original loads, along with normal forces and shearing forces. The result is a simple way to describe how a structure responds under combined loading. The shearing force in the section can point in different directions within the plane. It is split into two parts that run parallel to the x and y axes. Each part is divided by the area, and as that...

components of stress

Stress Components on a Cube at a Point

Stress components on a small cube help describe how a body behaves under multiple loading. The cube is centered at point O and has stress acting on all six faces, whether the faces are visible or hidden. Normal stress components σx, σy, and σz act perpendicular to the x, y, and z axes. Shearing stress components also act on the cube faces. The visible faces carry shear stresses such as τxy and τxz. The hidden faces carry equal and opposite stresses. This balance keeps the cube in equilibrium.

design consideration

Safety Factors in Structural Design

Safety factors in structural design help engineers choose a material and loading limit that can be used safely. The process begins with a material’s ultimate strength. This value comes from tests that increase force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load is then divided by the original cross-sectional area to find the ultimate normal stress, or strength. Ultimate shearing stress is another key value used in design. These limits show how much stress a material...

key terms and concepts

Learn how bearing stress describes contact pressure between a bolt and a plate, how it is calculated, and why it matters in structural engineering.

Bolt-to-Plate Contact Pressure | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Mechanical Engineering offers concise, easy-to-understand animated videos covering key topics such as equilibrium, forces, truss analysis, and structural mechanics. Explore their real-world applications, and witness these concepts in action through scientist-led experiments.

mechanical engineering

Bolt-to-Plate Contact Pressure

Description

Transcript