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Physical Examinations I
Assessing PAD and Venous Signs
Description
Peripheral vascular disease can affect blood flow in the arms and legs, and careful exam steps help reveal signs of disease. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is linked to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. Risk factors include diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and tobacco use.
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Transcript
1. 准备
- 检查患者前应先洗手。
- 让患者穿上检查服。此项检查绝不能隔着衣物进行。
- 测量双侧上臂血压。
2. 上肢
- 让患者仰卧于检查台上,头部抬高至舒适位置。
- 首先进行视诊,充分暴露双侧上肢。观察对称性、肤色、毛发分布、肢体大小、皮肤改变、指甲变化、静脉曲张、肌肉萎缩及外伤情况(表1)。
- 使用手指背面触诊评估皮肤温度。从远端向近端检查,并比较两侧情况。
- 通过在第1或第2指远端施加5秒的牢固压力来评估...
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