Lower Back Pain Evaluation

The lower back exam checks for pain, injury, and changes in the spine and nearby tissues. Back pain is a common source of pain in the body. Because the lower back includes bones, discs, ligaments, nerves, and muscles, each of these structures can contribute to symptoms.

The exam starts with inspe...

1. 检查

检查时患者应站立，从后方进行观察。需让患者脱去足够的衣物，以便充分检查整个背部和骶部区域。

1. 检查整个背部是否存在红斑、不对称、畸形、脊柱侧弯或异常毛发生长。
2. 从侧面观察腰椎前凸，正常情况下脊柱呈轻柔的反向C形曲线。

2. 触诊

触诊压痛区域。需要检查的重要部位包括：

1. 棘突：这些是沿背部中线分布的坚硬骨性结构。注意观察L4-S1处是否存在台阶样改变，这提示可能存在脊椎滑脱症。
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