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Engineering

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Engineering

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Chemical Engineering

Water Extraction in a York-Scheibel Column

Description

Liquid-liquid extraction uses two immiscible or partly miscible liquids to separate a solute by solubility differences. The feed and solvent are mixed, then separated so the solute moves from the feed into the solvent. The solvent-rich stream leaving the unit is the extract, and the solute-poor stream is the raffinate.

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Transcript

液-液萃取(LLE)是一种用于分离液体的方法,适用于因组分对温度敏感或溶剂沸点相近而无法通过蒸馏分离的情况。LLE中的传质过程由溶质在互不相溶或部分互溶的进料相与溶剂相之间溶解度的差异所驱动。含有溶质的进料相通常通过搅拌与溶剂相混合,使溶质从进料相转移至溶剂相。溶质被萃取后剩余的进料相称为萃余相(raffinate),而富含溶质的溶剂相则称为萃取相(extract)。本视频将演示利用纯水从正壬烷中萃取异丙醇的过程,并研究操作变量如何影响整个萃取柱的效率。

液-液萃取通常采用并流或逆流的连续多级方式进行。其中,逆流系统通常更受青睐,因其效率一般更高。通常,这些级段被集成在一个单一装置内。逆流萃取柱可通过两种方式设置:当溶剂比重高于进料液体(即稀释剂)时,溶剂从柱顶加入,溶质则...