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Potential Energy and Energy Conservation
Spring Force and Stored Energy
Description
Elastic potential energy is stored when an elastic object is deformed, such as when a spring is stretched. An object is elastic if it returns to its original shape and size after the force is removed. This stored energy is part of a system’s potential energy.
An ideal spring also exerts an elasti...
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Transcript
弹性势能是由于外力导致弹性物体发生形变而储存在其中的能量。例如,当弓被拉伸时,弹性势能就储存在弓中。
从数学上讲,它被定义为使物体发生形变所需的作用力与该力引起的位移的乘积。因此,根据胡克定律,一张被拉伸距离 x 的弓所具有的弹性势能可表示为 1/2 kx²,其中 k 为弹簧常数。
最后,考虑一个物体悬挂在弹簧一端,而弹簧另一端固定的情况,如图所示。该物体同时具有重力势能和弹性势能。此处,总势能 U 是重力势能与弹性势能之和。
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