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Potential Energy and Energy Conservation

Stability in Potential Energy Diagrams

Description

Potential energy diagrams show how stable a system is at different positions. Their shape, or topology, helps identify equilibrium points. An equilibrium point is a place where the system can stay in balance because the net force is zero.

At a local minimum, the potential energy is lowest. The sy...

Transcript

考虑一名滑冰者在无摩擦的抛物线形斜坡上滑行,作用在滑冰者身上的力由势能曲线的负斜率给出。在斜坡底部,作用在滑冰者身上的力为零。

考虑一个假想的势能图;在点 x1 处作用在滑冰者上的合力为零,同样在点 x2 处合力也为零。

任何偏离点 x1 的位移都会导致滑冰者受到一个朝向点 x1 的恢复力。 

然而,滑冰者在 x2 点的任何位移都会产生一个背离 x2 点的力。

势能曲线中的任何极小值点都是稳定平...

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