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Oscillations
Angular Oscillation in a Torsion String
Description
Angular oscillation in a torsion string is shown by a rigid body suspended from a string that twists as it moves. The twisting of the string provides the restoring force. The string is ideally massless, and in practice its mass is much smaller than the rigid body's mass, so it is neglected.
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Transcript
扭摆是一个刚体,例如陀螺,由一根质量可忽略的细线悬挂而成——如果刚体的质量远大于细线的质量,则可认为细线无质量,这一假设成立。
当顶部绕绳轴扭转并释放后,它会在两个角度之间振荡。恢复力矩源于绳子的剪切形变。
如果角位移很小,恢复力矩可以被建模为与角位移成正比。该比例常数称为弦线的扭转常数。
力矩也可以用刚体的转动惯量和角加速度来表示。
这两个表达式给出了简谐运动的方程,其中自变量为振荡角度,质量被转动惯量替代,力常数被弹簧的扭转常数替代。
然后确定振荡的角频率,并由此导出时间周期。
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