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Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Nuclear Spin States and Magnetic Alignment
Description
Atomic nuclei can act like tiny magnets when they have a nonzero spin. Because they are positively charged and rotating, they generate a magnetic field and a magnetic moment. In the absence of an external magnetic field, this magnetic moment points in random directions.
When an external magnetic ...
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Transcript
原子核带正电,当其自旋不为零时,表现得如同旋转的电荷。
原子核由于自旋和电荷产生磁场,B。因此,它具有磁矩 μ,在无外加磁场时,磁矩呈随机取向。
当施加外部磁场 B0 时,磁矩矢量可以沿磁场方向或逆磁场方向排列,共有 2I + 1 种取向。
一个氢原子核,即质子,其 I 值为 ½,具有两种可能的取向。
与磁场方向一致的取向称为自旋 +½、自旋向上或 α 态,其能量低于与磁场方向相反的自旋 −½、自旋向下或 β 态。
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