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Chemistry

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Analytical Chemistry

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Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Zeeman Splitting in Nuclear Spin States

Description

NMR-active nuclei have spin states that describe the orientation of their nuclear magnetic moments. Without a magnetic field, these moments point in random directions, and the spin states are degenerate, meaning they have the same energy.

When an external magnetic field is applied, the nucleus ca...

Transcript

具有核磁共振活性的原子核具有与其核磁矩取向相关的能级,称为“自旋态”。

在没有磁场的情况下,原子核磁矩呈随机取向,自旋态是简并的。

当施加外部磁场时,仅有 2I + 1 种可选的取向。

与磁场方向一致的取向能量较低,而与磁场方向相反的取向能量较高,因此自旋态在一种称为塞曼分裂的现象中发生量子化。

任意两个自旋态之间的能量差 ΔE 与所施加磁场的强度成正比。

这种能量差异和环境温度会影响占据每个自旋态的原子核数量。

随着温度降低,低能自旋态的布居数高于高能自旋态。