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Current and Resistance
Factors That Affect Electrical Resistance
Description
Electrical resistance describes how much a conductor opposes the flow of current. It is represented by R. When current passes through a conductor, heat is also produced. Resistance is tied to the material’s resistivity, which is a property of the material used to make an electrical component.
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Transcript
当电流通过电路时,导线中电子与原子之间的碰撞会对电子的运动产生阻力,这种阻力以欧姆为单位进行测量。
电路的电阻是所加电压与流经电流之比。电阻还取决于材料的电阻率,其值等于材料的电阻率乘以长度,再除以导线的横截面积。
温度会影响材料的电阻,并可通过电阻率方程进行建模。
电路中用于减小电流流动的元件称为电阻器,其符号由美国国家标准协会和国际电工委员会提供,共有两种表示方式。
碳是制造电阻器最常用的材料。碳膜缠绕在陶瓷芯周围,陶瓷芯连接两根铜引线,并用四条色带标记以识别电阻器。
前两个色环表示电阻值的前两位数字,第三和第四个颜色则分别表示其乘数和容差。
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