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Engineering

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Mechanical Engineering

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Internal Forces

Beam Forces: Tension, Shear, and Bending

Description

Beam analysis depends on the internal forces and moments inside a structure. These include normal force, shear force, and bending moment. Engineers use the method of sections to cut the beam and find these values. A sign convention helps show whether each result is positive or negative.

Normal fo...

Transcript

当梁受到载荷作用时,会产生内部力,这些内部力可分为法向力、剪切力和弯矩。

可通过截面法确定内力。由于内力成对出现,且其方向取决于所要分析的截面侧,因此需采用特定的符号规定。

如果法向力产生拉力,则视为正值;如果导致物体受压,则视为负值。

假设作用在横截面上的切向力在截面左侧向下,在右侧向上,则该剪力被视为正,导致顺时针旋转。

同样,如果每侧所受力的方向反转,则会产生负剪切力,导致逆时针旋转。

当外力作用于梁上时,梁会产生弯矩,形成向上或向下的凹形曲率。向上弯曲时弯矩为正,向下弯曲时弯矩为负。