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Acid–Base Titration
Buffer Capacity and pH Resistance
Description
Buffer capacity describes how well a buffer resists changes in pH. It is a quantitative measure, so it tells how much acid or base a one-liter buffer solution can take before its pH shifts by 1 unit. In the equation, beta is the buffer capacity, while Ca and Cb represent the moles of acid and base added. The term dpH means t...
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Transcript
缓冲容量(用β表示)是衡量缓冲溶液在加入酸或碱时抵抗pH变化能力的定量指标。其定义为:向1升缓冲溶液中加入足以引起单位pH变化的酸(Ca)或碱(Cb)的摩尔数。
缓冲容量越高,缓冲液抵抗 pH 变化的能力就越强。
对于 pKa 等于 5 的一种酸,将加入的碱的物质的量对 pH 作图。所得曲线的导数表明,当 pH 等于 pKa 时,缓冲能力最强,此时缓冲溶液中弱酸与其共轭碱的浓度相等。因此,缓冲溶液的有效 pH 范围为 pKa 值上下各一个单位。
在...
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