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Kinetics of a Particle: Force and Acceleration
Curved Motion: Tangential and Normal Forces
Description
Curved motion is described by splitting a particle’s acceleration into tangential and normal parts. These two components help show how the particle moves along a curving path at a specific point.
The tangential component lies along the curve. It shows how the speed changes with time. A positive t...
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Transcript
曲线路径上质点的运动可用法向和切向分量来描述。
法向分量沿曲线上某一点的法线(或径向)方向。它描述了速度矢量轨迹的变化情况。
切向分量在特定点处与曲线相切,表征沿路径速度变化的速率。
曲线运动中质点的运动方程可用牛顿第二定律在法向和切向分量上的形式表示。
此处,正的切向加速度表示粒子速度大小的增加,而负的切向加速度表示粒子速度大小的减小。
另一方面,加速度的法向分量始终沿曲线路径的半径方向,当指向曲率中心时为正。力的法向分量也称为向心力。
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