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Stress and Strain - Axial Loading

Tensile Test Data and Material Behavior

Description

A stress-strain diagram shows how a material responds during a tensile test. It records the mechanical behavior of a cylindrical specimen as it is pulled by an increasing centric load. The specimen is carefully prepared before testing.

Two gauge marks are inscribed on the central part of the spec...

Transcript

考虑将圆柱形试样放置在系统中以测量其拉伸强度。

在试样的中央部分刻有两个标距标记。标记之间的长度称为标距长度。

然后,在试样的两端施加拉伸载荷。

随着载荷的增加,标距长度增加,并记录每个载荷值的伸长率。

试样直径的变化也同时被记录下来。

应力的计算方法是将载荷除以试样的原始横截面积。应变的计算方法是将伸长率除以原始标距长度。

然后通过将应变绘制为横坐标和应力作为纵坐标来获得应力-应变图。

据观察,在初始载荷期间,应力随应变线性变化。然而,随着载荷的增加,应力的微小变化会导致大多数材料的应变值发生显著变化。

根据它们的温度和加载速度,某些材料的结果会有所不同。

Tags

Stress Strain DiagramTensile TestGauge LengthCross Sectional AreaLoad ElongationDial GaugeStress CalculationStrain CalculationMaterial PropertiesMechanical Testing

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