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Chemistry

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Analytical Chemistry

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Acid–Base Titration

Finding pH in Acid Mixtures

Description

Finding pH in acid mixtures depends on the acids present and their dissociation constants. When a solution contains two acids, the pH can be found by choosing the method that matches their relative strengths. The key idea is that the stronger acid often controls the hydronium ion level, which is the amount of H3O+ in solutio...

Transcript

在强酸与弱酸的混合物中,强酸完全解离,显著提高 H3O+ 离子浓度,而弱酸仅部分解离。

勒夏特列原理指出,较强的酸通过使平衡向反应物方向移动,从而抑制较弱酸的解离。

考虑由 0.15 M HCl 和 0.30 M HCN 组成的混合溶液。强酸提供的 H3O+ 浓度为 0.15 M,因此弱酸产生的 H3O+ 浓度可忽略不计。

因此,酸混合物的pH主要由强酸的浓度决定。

同样,当存在等量的两种弱酸混合物时,相对较强的酸是决定 pH 的主要因素。

例如,在 HF 和 HCN 的混合物中,HF ...

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