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Microbial Cell Structure and Function
Microbial Shapes and Cell Forms
Description
Microbial shapes and cell forms help bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic microbes survive in many environments. Cell shape affects how these organisms grow, take up nutrients, and handle waste. It also reflects the link between structure and function.
Among bacteria, cocci and bacilli are the most ...
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Transcript
细菌细胞呈现多种形态,其中球菌和杆菌最为常见。
球菌呈球形,可单独存在,或成对、成链、成簇或呈四联排列。杆菌呈杆状,可单个存在,或成对、成链排列。
细菌也可能呈现为螺旋菌(spirilla)—— rigid spiral-shaped(刚性螺旋形)、弧菌(vibrio)—— 逗点状,或密螺旋体(spirochetes)—— 柔性螺旋形态。
多形性细菌缺乏刚性细胞壁,因此可呈现多种不同的形态。
某些细菌(例如黏细菌)可以聚集形成称为子实体的结构。
古菌细胞也呈现出多样的形态,包括球状、杆状、分枝结构或扁平状细胞。这些特化的形态优化了表面积与体积之比,有助于在极端环境中高效吸收营养物质。
由于真核微生物具有复杂的细胞结...
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